بررسی تأثیر مداخله‏ آموزشی مبتنی بر مدل ارتقای سلامت پندر بر خودشکوفایی و روابط بین ‏فردی زنان یائسه‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، واحد بین‌الملل کیش، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، جزیره کیش، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه روانشناسی، واحد بین‌الملل کیش، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، جزیره کیش، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، البرز، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: سلامت جامعه در گرو تأمین نیازهای بهداشتی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی زنان است. یائسگی بخشی از زندگی زنان است که در بهداشت باروری اهمیت ویژه‏ای دارد و برنامه آموزشی مناسب به‏ منظور بهبود توانمندی‏های روانی زنان ضروری است. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین تأثیر مداخله آموزشی مبتنی بر مدل ارتقاء سلامت پندر بر خودشکوفایی و روابط بین‏فردی انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه از نوع کارآزمایی بالینی با پیش­آزمون، پس­آزمون و گروه کنترل بود. از بین زنان یائسه‏ شاغل در مدارس دخترانه غیردولتی شهر تهران طی سال 1398 به‏شیوه هدفمند تعداد 60 نفر انتخاب و به‏صورت تصادفی در گروه­های آزمایش (30 نفر) و کنترل (30 نفر) قرار گرفتند. جمع­آوری داده­ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه اطلاعات دموگرافیک-محقق ساخته و پرسشنامه استاندارد رفتارهای ارتقادهنده سلامت انجام شد. در گروه آزمایش، آموزش رفتارهای ارتقادهنده سلامت در 6 جلسه به­ صورت هفته­ای 1 جلسه و هر جلسه به‏ مدت 2 ساعت اجرا گردید. پس از پایان آموزش از گروه­ها پس­آزمون گرفته شد. داده­ها با روش‏های آزمون‏های t مستقل و زوجی و تحلیل کواریانس چندمتغیری تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد مداخله‏ آموزشی مبتنی بر مدل ارتقای سلامت بر افزایش خودشکوفایی (53/9=F، 006/0=p و 60/0=Eta) و روابط بین‏فردی زنان یائسه (40/8=F، 009/0=p و 71/0=Eta) گروه آزمایش در مرحله پس­آزمون تأثیر مثبت و معنی­داری داشته است.
نتیجه‌گیری: مداخله‏ آموزشی مبتنی بر مدل ارتقای سلامت می‏تواند برای انتقال به مرحله یائسگی کارساز باشد. پژوهشگران و درمانگران می‏توانند از مدل پندر برای بهبود رفتارهای ارتقادهنده سلامت در زنان یائسه ایرانی استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model on Self-Actualization and Interpersonal Relations in Menopausal Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • M BehnamMoradi 1
  • H Ahadi 2
  • MR Seirafi 3
1 Ph.D Student, Dept of Psychology, Kish International, Islamic Azad University, Kish Island, Iran.
2 Prof, Dept of Psychology, Kish International, Islamic Azad University, Kish Island, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof, Dept of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Community health is dependent on meeting women’s health, economic, and cultural needs. Menopause is a part of women’s life which has a particular importance in their reproductive health, and thus appropriate educational programs are needed to improve women’s mental capabilities. Acordingly, this study aimed to determine the effects of educational intervention based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model on self-actualization and interpersonal relations in menopausal women.
Materials and Methods: This study was a clinical trial, with pre-test, post-test, and the control group. Of menopausal women working in non-government schools in Tehran in 2019, a total number of 60 women were selected by purposive sampling and were randomly divided into experimental (n=30), and control (n=30) groups. The required data were collected using a researcher-made demographic information checklist, and the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile-II (PHPLP-II). The health promotion lifestyle program was administered for the particpants in the experimental group in six sessions, one session per week and each for two hours. At the end of the training program, the post-test was taken from the participants in bith groups. The collected data were analyzed using independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, and multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSS software (version 25).
Results: The results showed that educational intervention based on health promotion model had a positive and significant effect on increasing self-actualization (F=9.53, p=0.006, Eta=0.60) and interpersonal relations (F=8.40, p=0.009, Eta=0.71) in menopausal women in the experimental group as indicated by their post-test scores.
Conclusion: The results showed that the educational intervention based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model can be effective in transition to the menopausal stage and researchers and therapists can use Pender’s model to improve health-promoting behaviors and lifestyle in Iranian inmenopausal women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Self-actualization
  • Interpersonal relations
  • Menopausal women
  • Educational intervention
  • Pender’s Health Promotion Model

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