مقایسه اثربخشی واقعیت درمانی و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر اضطراب اجتماعی و خودکارآمدی والدگری در زنان سرپرست خانوار شهرستان ساری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی عمومی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: زنان سرپرست خانوار در معرض آسیب­های روانشناختی و اجتماعی متعدد قرار دارند. این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه اثربخشی واقعیت­درمانی و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر اضطراب اجتماعی و خودکارآمدی والدگری در زنان سرپرست خانوار با نشانه­های اضطراب اجتماعی انجام شد.
مواد و روش ­ها: این پژوهش از نوع نیمه­تجربی با طرح پیش­آزمون، پس­آزمون، پیگیری و گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری، کلیه زنان سرپرست خانوار مراجعه‌کننده به کلینیک مددکاری اجتماعی باران و نوید شهرستان ساری در سال 1398 بودند که 45 نفر به روش نمونه­گیری هدفمند انتخاب شده و به طور تصادفی در گروه­های آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه­های آزمایش تحت واقعیت­درمانی و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد قرار گرفتند. جمع­آوری اطلاعات با استفاده از پرسشنامه­های خود کارآمدی والدگری دومکا و همکاران ومقیاساضطراب اجتماعی جرابک بود. داده­ها توسط روش تحلیل واریانس آمیخته با اندازه‌گیری مکرر تحلیل شدند.
یافته­ ها: نتایج نشان داد واقعیت­درمانی و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر بهبود خودکارآمدی والدگری با اثر بین­گروهی (000/0p=، 69/19F=)، درون­گروهی (002/0 p=، 25/8F=)، اثر تعاملی بین­گروهی و درون­گروهی (000/0 p=، 84/12F=) و در اضطراب اجتماعی با اثر بین­گروهی (000/0p=، 46/16F=)، درون­گروهی (000/0p=، 19/29F=) و اثر تعاملی بین­گروهی و درون­گروهی (000/0p=، 21/15F=) مؤثر است.
نتیجه­ گیری: واقعیت­درمانی و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد می­توانند بر بهبود خودکارآمدی والدگری و اضطراب اجتماعی در زنان سرپرست خانوار با نشانه­های اضطراب اجتماعی مؤثر واقع شوند و تفاوتی بین آن‌ها از این جهت وجود ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Reality Therapy and Acceptance & Commitment Therapy on Social Anxiety and Parenting Self-Agency in Female Household Heads in Sari City

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Asadi Khalili 1
  • S O Emadian 2
  • M K Fakhri 2
1 Ph.D. Student, Dept of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
2 Assistant Prof, Dept of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Female household heads are exposed to numerous psychological and social harms. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of reality therapy and acceptance & commitment therapy on social anxiety and parenting self-agency in female household heads with symptoms of social anxiety.
Materials and Methods: This study was semi-experimental with pretest, posttest, follow-up, and control group. The statistical population of this study included all female household heads referring to Baran and Navid social work clinics in Sari city in 2019, of which 45 were selected by purposeful sampling method based on the inclusion criteria and assigned in experimental and control groups by simple randomization. The experimental groups underwent reality therapy and acceptance & commitment therapy. Data were collected by Parental Self-Agency Measure and Jerabek Social Anxiety Scale. Then, they were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: Data analysis showed that reality therapy and acceptance & commitment therapy were effective in improving parenting self-agency with within-group effect (F =19.69, P = 0.00), between-groups effect (F = 8.25, P = 0.002), and the between-groups and within-group interaction effect (F = 12.84, P = 0.00) and also in social anxiety with within-group effect (F=16.46 , P = 0.00), between-groups effect (F =29 /19, P = 0.00), and the between-groups and within-group interaction effect (F = 15.21, P = 0.00) in female household heads with symptoms of social anxiety. Therefore, both treatment approaches were effective in improving social anxiety and parenting self-efficacy in female household heads with symptoms of social anxiety.
Conclusion: Based on this research results, psychological interventions, such as reality therapy and acceptance & commitment therapy, can be effective in improving parenting self-agency and social anxiety in female household heads with symptoms of social anxiety.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reality therapy
  • Acceptance & commitment
  • Parenting self-agency
  • Social anxiety
  • Female household heads
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