اثربخشی آموزش ایمن‌سازی در مقابل استرس بر حس انسجام فردی و پریشانی روان‌شناختی زنان باردار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مشاوره، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: بارداری به عنوان یکی از پراسترس‌ترین رویدادهای زندگی منجر به تغییرات فیزیکی، روانی و اجتماعی می‌شود. ایمن‌سازی در مقابل استرس یکی از روش‌های مؤثر برای مواجهه با تغییرات دوران بارداری می‌باشد. هدف پژوهش حاضر، تعیین اثربخشی آموزش ایمن‌سازی در مقابل استرس بر حس انسجام و پریشانی روا­ن­شناختی زنان باردار بود.
مواد و روش­ها: پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده به بیمارستان امام شهر ساری در سال 1398 بود که 30 نفر به ‌صورت در دسترس انتخاب و به‌ طور تصادفی ساده در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمایش در 8 جلسه آموزش ایمن‌سازی در مقابل استرس به مدت 90 دقیقه (یک ‌بار در هفته) شرکت کردند و گروه کنترل آموزشی دریافت نکرد. ابزار پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه‌های حس انسجام فردی و پریشانی روانشناختی بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون­های مجذور کای، تی مستقل و تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیره تحلیل شدند.
یافته­ها: گروه‌های آزمایش و کنترل، قبل از مداخله از نظر حس انسجام فردی و پریشانی روانشناختی تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشتند؛ اما بعد از مداخله در هر دو متغیر تفاوت معنی­دار وجود داشت (001/0p <). نتایج نشان داد که آموزش ایمن‌سازی در مقابل استرس بر حس انسجام فردی و پریشانی روان‌شناختی زنان باردار مؤثر است (001/0p <).
نتیجه­گیری: با توجه به یافته‌ها به نظر می‌رسد آموزش ایمن‌سازی در مقابل استرس روش مؤثری در افزایش حس انسجام فردی و کاهش پریشانی روان‌شناختی زنان باردار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Stress Inoculation Training on Sense of Coherence and Psychological Distress in Pregnant Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gh Abbasi 1
  • O Masihpour Mojaveri 2
1 Assistant Prof, Dept of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
2 PhD student, Dept of Counseling, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Pregnancy, as one of the most stressful life events, leads to physical, psychological, and social changes. Stress inoculation training is one of the effective strategies to deal with changes during pregnancy. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the effectiveness of stress inoculation training on the sense of coherence and psychological distress in pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: This research was quasi-experimental with the control group pretest-posttest design. The statistical population included all pregnant women referred to Sari’s Imam hospital. 30 pregnant women were selected by the available sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received stress inoculation training about 8 sessions, once a week for 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive any training. The research instrument included the questionnaire of sense of coherence and psychological distress. Data were analyzed using a chi-square test, independent t-test, and multivariate analysis of covariance.
Results: The experimental and control groups in the pretest stage showed no significant difference concerning the sense of coherence and psychological distress (p>0/05); however, in the posttest stage, a significant difference was observed in the three mentioned variables (p < 0/001).Multivariate analysis of covariance also showed that stress inoculation training is effective on the sense of personal cohesion and psychological distress of pregnant women (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that stress inoculation training is a suitable method to increase the sense of coherence and reduce psychological distress among pregnant women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Inoculation
  • Stress
  • Sense of coherence
  • Psychological distress
  • Pregnant women

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