تأثیر شناخت درمانی هستی‏نگر بر درد ذهنی و خود انتقادگری زنان مبتلا به اختلال استرس پس از سانحه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد، گروه مشاوره، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قم، قم، ایران.

10.22123/chj.2022.271579.1669

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال استرس پس از سانحه یک اختلال مزمن ناتوان‏کننده است. حوادث جاده‎ای از شایع‏ترین علل ایجاد اختلالات مرتبط با استرس می‏باشد. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین تأثیر شناخت درمانی هستی‏نگر بر درد ذهنی و خودانتقادگری زنان مبتلا به اختلال استرس پس از سانحه انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر، نیمه­آزمایشی با طرح پیش­آزمون، پس­آزمون و گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی زنان مبتلا به اختلال استرس پس از سانحه ناشی از سوانح جاده‏ای مراجعه‏کننده به مرکز آموزشی-درمانی فارابی شهر کرمانشاه در سال 1399 بود. با نمونه‏گیری در دسترس، 30 نفر انتخاب و به شیوه تصادفی (قرعه‏کشی) در گروه­های آزمایش (15 نفر) و کنترل (15 نفر) قرار گرفتند و پرسشنامه­های درد ذهنی (Orbach و همکاران، 2003)، خودانتقادگری (Zuroff و Thompson، 2004) و اختلال استرس پس از سانحه (Reed و Norris، 1997) را تکمیل کردند. در گروه آزمایش، شناخت درمانی هستی‏نگر در 10 جلسه (هفته­ای 1 جلسه 5/1 ساعته) اجرا گردید. در گروه کنترل مداخله­ای انجام نشد. پس از پایان درمان از گروه­ها پس‏آزمون گرفته شد. داده­ها با روش‏ تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیری تحلیل شد.
یافته‌ها: شناخت درمانی هستی‏نگر بر کاهش نمرات خودانتقادگری کل (45/4=F، 016/0=p و 56/0=Eta)، مؤلفه‏های خودانتقادگری درونی و مقایسه‏ای گروه آزمایش در پس‎آزمون اثربخش بود. همچنین، باعث کاهش معنی­دار درد ذهنی (33/13=F، 001/0=p و 63/0=Eta) در آزمودنی‏های گروه آزمایش شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‏رسد شناخت درمانی هستی‏نگر یک برنامه غیردارویی مقرون به صرفه و مؤثر برای کاهش درد ذهنی و خودانتقادگری در مبتلایان به اختلال استرس پس از سانحه است.  

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Cognitive-Existential Therapy on Mental Pain and Self-Criticism in Women with Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • z ُُSolgi 1
  • A Ghazi 2
1 Assistant Prof, Dept. of Psychology, University of Payame Noor, Tehran, Iran.
2 MSc, Dept of Counseling, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an incapacitating chronic disorder. Traffic accidents are one of the most common causes of mental disorders associated with trauma. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of cognitive-existential therapy on mental pain and self-criticism in women with symptoms of PTSD.
Materials and Methods: The research was quasi-experimental, based on the pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all women with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder due to road accidents admitted to the neurology clinic of Farabi Educational and Medical Center in Kermanshah in 2020. Using the availability sampling method, 30 people were selected and randomly divided (lottery method) into an experimental group (n=15) and a control group (n=15). They completed the mental pain questionnaire (Orbach et al, 2003), the self-criticism questionnaire (Zuroff and Thompson, 2004), and the Traumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire (Reed and Norris, 1997). In the experimental group, cognitive-existential therapy was conducted in ten 1.5-hour sessions, 1 session per week, but the control group did not receive any medical intervention. At the end of the training, both groups underwent the post-test. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.
Results: The results showed that cognitive-existential therapy was effective in reducing the scores of total self-criticism (Eta=0.56, p=0.016, F=4.45) and the dimensions of internal and comparative self-criticism in the experimental group in the post-test. In addition, cognitive-existential therapy significantly reduced mental pain in the experimental group (Eta=0.63, p=0.001, F=13.33).
Conclusion: Cognitive-existential therapy seems to be a cost-effective, non-pharmacological and effective program that reduces mental pain and self-criticism in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive-Existential Therapy
  • Mental Pain
  • Self-Criticism
  • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
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