اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر پرخاشگری و انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی دانش‌آموزان دختر با رفتار خودجرحی مقطع دبیرستان شهر شیراز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.

10.22123/chj.2022.294676.1745

چکیده

مقدمه: نوجوانی دوره­ای است که به دلیل تحولات جسمانی و روانی و اجتماعی، شیوع رفتارهای خودجرحی و پرخاشگری در آن افزایش می­یابد. درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد مداخله­­ای است که ممکن است در این افراد مؤثر باشد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر پرخاشگری و انعطاف­پذیری شناختی دانش­آموزان دختر با رفتار خودجرحی مقطع دبیرستان شهر شیراز انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: این تحقیق از نوع نیمه­آزمایشی، با پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون، پیگیری همراه با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری، شامل کلیه دختران نوجوان 18-14 ساله بود که به کلینیک مشاوره آموزش و پرورش شهر شیراز در سال تحصیلی ۱۴۰۰-۱۳۹۹ ارجاع داده شده بودند. با روش نمونه­گیری هدفمند، ۳۰ نفر انتخاب شدند و در دو گروه مساوی آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. ابزارهای پژوهش، پرسش­نامه­های پرخاشگری و انعطاف­پذیری شناختی بودند که در مراحل پیش­آزمون، پس­آزمون و پیگیری دو ماهه تکمیل شدند. در گروه آزمایش، درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد اجرا شد. گروه شاهد، درمانی دریافت. نکرد. از آزمون تحلیل واریانس مکرر برای آنالیز داده­ها استفاده شد.
یافته ­ها: آزمون منبع اثر زمان، آزمون منبع اثر گروه و آزمون، منبع اثرهای تعامل زمان و گروه در نمرات پرخاشگری و انعطاف­پذیری معنی­دار بود (001/0>p). در گروه آزمایش در مرحله پس­آزمون نسبت به پیش­آزمون، نمرات پرخاشگری کاهش و انعطاف­پذیری افزایش داشت.
نتیجه­ گیری: درمان پذیرش و تعهد در کاهش پرخاشگری و افزایش انعطاف­پذیری دانش­آموزان دختر با رفتار خودجرحی مؤثر بود. بنابراین، در زمینه تلاش برای کاهش آسیب­های روان‌شناختی در دانش­آموزان دختر می­توان از درمان پذیرش و تعهد استفاده برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment-based Therapy on Aggression and Cognitive Flexibility of Female Students with Self-injurious Behavior in High School in Shiraz

نویسندگان [English]

  • F Keshtkar 1
  • Gh Naziri 2
  • M Mohammadi 2
  • N Fath 2
1 Ph.D Student, Dept of Psychology, College of Economics and Management, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Assistant Prof, Dept of Psychology, College of Economics and Management, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Adolescence is a period in which the prevalence of self-harming and aggressive behaviors increases due to physical, psychological, and social changes. Acceptance and commitment therapy is an intervention that may work for these people. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on aggression and cognitive flexibility of female students with self-injurious behavior in high school in Shiraz.
Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test, follow-up, and control group. The statistical population of this study included all adolescent girls aged 14-18 years referred to the Education Counseling Clinic in Shiraz in the academic year 2020-2021. By purposive sampling method, 30 people were purposefully selected and divided into two groups of experimental (15 people) and control (15 people). The research instruments included the Aggression Questionnaire and the Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire, which were completed by the participants in the pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up stages. In the experimental group, acceptance and commitment therapy was performed in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group did not receive treatment. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze the data.
Results: The time effect source, group effect source, and time effect group and source interaction test results were significant in aggression and flexibility scores at the level of 0.001. In the experimental group, in the post-test stage, aggression scores decreased while flexibility increased compared to the pre-test.
Conclusion: According to the results, acceptance and commitment therapy effectively reduced aggression and increased flexibility in students with self-injurious behavior. Therefore, acceptance and commitment therapy can be used to minimize psychological damage in adolescents.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Self-injurious Behavior
  • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
  • Aggression
  • Flexibility

مراجع

  1. Salmanzadeh H, Ahmadi-Soleimani SM, Pachenari N, Azadi M, Halliwell RF, Rubino T, et al. Adolescent drug exposure: A review of evidence for the development of persistent changes in brain function. BRB 2020; 156(13):105-17. [Persian]
  2. Dick AS, Lopez DA, Watts AL, Heeringa S, Reuter C, Bartsch H, et al. Meaningful associations in the adolescent brain cognitive development study. Neuroimage 2021; 15(2):118-127.
  3. Gu H, Ma P, Xia T. Childhood emotional abuse and adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury: the mediating role of identity confusion and moderating role of rumination. Child Abuse & Neglect 2020; 106(12):104474.
  4. Wu R, Huang J, Ying J, Gao Q, Guo J, You J. Behavioral inhibition/approach systems and adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury: The chain mediating effects of difficulty in emotion regulation and depression. Personality and Individual Differences 2021; 175(11):110718.
  5. Esposito C, Affuso G, Amodeo AL, Dragone M, Bacchini D. Bullying victimization: investigating the unique contribution of homophobic bias on adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and the buffering role of school support. Child Adolesc. School Mental Health 2021; 13(2):420-35.
  6. Syed S, Kingsbury M, Bennett K, Manion I, Colman I. Adolescents’ knowledge of a peer's non‐suicidal self‐injury and own non‐suicidal self‐injury and suicidality. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 2020; 142(5):366-73.
  7. Sfeir E, Geara C, Hallit S, Obeid S. Alexithymia, aggressive behavior and depression among Lebanese adolescents: A cross-sectional study. CAPMH 2020; 14(1):1-7.
  8. Pérez-Fuentes MD, Molero Jurado MD, Barragán Martín AB, Gázquez Linares JJ. Family functioning, emotional intelligence, and values: Analysis of the relationship with aggressive behavior in adolescents. IJERPH 2019; 16(3):478.
  9. Park S, Chiu W, Won D. Effects of physical education, extracurricular sports activities, and leisure satisfaction on adolescent aggressive behavior: A latent growth modeling approach. PLOS ONE 2017; 12(4):e0174674.
  10. Yanagida T, Strohmeier D, Spiel C. Dynamic change of aggressive behavior and victimization among adolescents: Effectiveness of the ViSC program. JCCAP 2019; 48(1):90-104.
  11. Jara N, Casas JA, Ortega-Ruiz R. Proactive and reactive aggressive behavior in bullying: The role of values. IJEP 2017; 6(1):1-24.
  12. Martin MM, Rubin RB. A new measure of cognitive flexibility. PR 1995; 76(2):623-6.
  13. Dennis JP, Vander Wal JS. The cognitive flexibility inventory: Instrument development and estimates of reliability and validity. COTR 2010; 34(3):241-53.
  14. Canas JJ, Fajardo I, Salmeron L. Cognitive flexibility. International encyclopedia of ergonomics and human factors 2006; 1(3):297-301.
  15. Braem S, Egner T. Getting a grip on cognitive flexibility. CDPS 2018; 27(6):470-6.
  16. Rikhye RV, Gilra A, Halassa MM. Thalamic regulation of switching between cortical representations enables cognitive flexibility. Nature Neuroscience 2018; 21(12):1753-63.
  17. Hayes SC, Strosahl KD, Wilson KG. Acceptance and commitment therapy. 2nd ed. New York: Giulford Press; 2016.
  18. Twohig MP, Levin ME. Acceptance and commitment therapy as a treatment for anxiety and depression: a review. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2017; 40(4):751-70.
  19. Bai Z, Luo S, Zhang L, Wu S, Chi I. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) to reduce depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders 2020; 260(6):728-37.
  20. Hancock KM, Swain J, Hainsworth CJ, Dixon AL, Koo S, Munro K. Acceptance and commitment therapy versus cognitive behavior therapy for children with anxiety: Outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. JCCAP 2018; 47(2):296-311.
  21. Trompetter HR, Lamers SM, Westerhof GJ, Fledderus M, Bohlmeijer ET. Both positive mental health and psychopathology should be monitored in psychotherapy: Confirmation for the dual-factor model in acceptance and commitment therapy. Behaviour Research and Therapy 2017; 91(4):58-63.
  22. Masoumian S, Ashouri A, Ghomian S, Keshtkar M, Siahkamary E, Vahed N. Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Compared to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Anger and Interpersonal Relationships of Male Students. IJPS 2021; 16(1):21.
  23. Buss AH, Perry M. The aggression questionnaire. JPSP 1992; 63(3):452-59
  24. Samani S. Study of reliability and validity of the Buss and Perry's aggression questionnaire. IJPCP 2008; 13(4):359-65.
  25. Shareh H, Farmani A, Soltani E. Investigating the reliability and validity of the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI-I) among Iranian university students. JPCP 2014; 2(1):43-50. [Persian]
  26. Donahue JJ, Santanello A, Marsiglio MC, Van Male LM. Acceptance and commitment therapy for anger dysregulation with military veterans: A pilot study. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy 2017; 47(4):233-41.
  27. Faryabi M, Rafieepoor A, Khodaverdian S. The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on anxiety, perceived stress and pain coping strategies for patients with leukemia. KAUMS 2020; 24(4):424-32. [Persian]
  28. Wersebe H, Lieb R, Meyer AH, Hofer P, Gloster AT. The link between stress, well-being, and psychological flexibility during an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy self-help intervention. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology 2018; 18(1):60-8.
  29. Hughes LS, Clark J, Colclough JA, Dale E, McMillan D. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for chronic pain. Clinical Journal of Pain 2017; 33(6):552-68.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار