تأثیر 8 هفته تمرین تناوبی شدید بر برخی از شاخص‌های ریوی و ضربان قلب زنان مبتلا به آسم خفیف

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اسلامشهر، اسلامشهر، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اسلامشهر، اسلامشهر، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه ریه و مراقبت‌های ویژه، مجتمع بیمارستانی امام خمینی (ره)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: آسم یک اختلال التهابی مزمن مجاری تنفسی و از شایع­ترین بیماری­های مسبب از کارافتادگی است. تمرینات منظم ورزشی می­توانند سبب کاهش بیماری­های مزمن مانند آسم شوند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین تأثیر 8 هفته تمرین تناوبی شدید بر برخی شاخص­های ریوی و ضربان قلب ذخیره زنان مبتلا به آسم خفیف بود.
مواد و روش ­ها: در این پژوهش نیمه ­تجربی، 20 زن مبتلا به آسم خفیف مراجعه­کننده به مرکز تست تنفسی بیمارستان امام خمینی شهر تهران در سال 1397 بررسی شدند. بیماران به ­طور تصادفی به دو گروه مساوی کنترل و تمرین تقسیم گردیدند. گروه تمرین، 8 هفته تمرین روی دوچرخه کارسنج با شدت 70 تا80 درصد حداکثر ضربان قلب در هر نوبت (30-20 دقیقه، 3 بار در هفته) اجرا کردند. گروه کنترل درمان دارویی انجام دادند. بعد از اتمام برنامه تمرینیT پس­آزمون گرفته شد. داده­ها با آزمون­های تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره، تی مستقل و تی­زوجی تجزیه­وتحلیل شد.  
یافته­ ها: با توجه به نتایج، FVC در هر دو گروه کاهش داشت ولی این کاهش معنی­دار نبود. متغیر FEV1  در گروه تمرین کاهش معنی­دار داشت (034/0).  نسبت FEV1/ FVC در هر دو گروه نسبت به پیش­آزمون افزایش داشت و بین دو گروه تفاوت معنی­دار بود (027/0). نسبت ­ضربان قلب ذخیره در پس­آزمون در هر دو گروه افزایش نشان داد و بین دو گروه تفاوت معنی­داری مشاهده نشد.
نتیجه ­گیری: تمرینات تناوبی شدید تأثیری در بهبود تظاهرات بالینی آسم خفیف نداشت، اما باعث ارتقای کیفیت زندگی و عملکرد برخی از شاخص­های ریوی زنان آسمی­ و همچنین بهبود اندک در عملکرد عضلات تنفسی و راه­های هوایی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of 8 Weeks HIIT on FEV1, FVC, and Heart Rate Reserve in Women with Mild Asthma

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Khajevandi 1
  • Y Kazemzadeh 2
  • Y MohammadNejadpanahKandi 2
  • B Rahimi 3
1 Phd student, Dept of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, Eslamshahr Branch, Eslamshahr, Iran.
2 Assistant Prof, Dept of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, Eslamshahr Branch, Eslamshahr, Iran.
3 Associate prof, Dept of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the respiratory tract and one of the most common diseases causing disability and obstruction of the airways. Regular exercise can reduce chronic illnesses such as asthma. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on some of the pulmonary parameters and heart rate reserve of women with mild asthma.
Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental and applied research, 20 women aged 20 to 40 years old with mild asthma who were admitted to Imam Hospital Respiratory Testing Center in 2018 voluntarily participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group performed an 8-week exercise program on a bicycle ergometer with an intensity of 70-80% of maximal heart rate 20-30 minutes 3 times a week, and the control group underwent pharmacotherapy. After the training program, both groups were tested. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance, independent t-test and paired t-test.
Results: According to the results, FVC decreased in both groups but the decrease was not significant (0.236). The variable FEV1 decreased in the exercise group and the decrease was significant (0.034). The FEV1 / FVC ratio in both groups increased compared to the pretest and a significant difference was observed between the two groups (0.027). There was an increase in the Heart Rate Reserve in the post-test in both groups and no significant difference was observed between the two groups (0.117).
Conclusion: Intense intermittent exercise had no effect on improving the clinical manifestations of mild asthma, but improved the quality of life and function of some pulmonary parameters of asthmatic women and also slightly improved the function of respiratory muscles and airways.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • High-Intensity Interval Training
  • Forced expiratory volume
  • Forced Vital Capacity
  • Heart Rate Reserve
  • Asthma

مراجع

  1. Lands LC. Dyspnea in Children: What is driving it and how to approach it? Paediatric Respiratory Reviews 2017; 24:29-31.
  2. Valizadeh L, Bilan N, Zarei S, Sharifi A. Effect of Education and Controlling Asthma Triggers on Quality of Life among Adolescents with Asthma: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JMUMS 2013; 23 (98):49-57.
  3. Chandratilleke MG, Carson KV, Picot J, Brinn MP, Esterman AJ, Smith BJ. Physical training for asthma.  Cochrane Library 2012 ;( 5):CD001116.
  4. Thaman RG, Arora A, Bachhel R. Effect of physical training on pulmonary function tests in border security force trainees of India. Journal of Life Sciences 2010; 2(1):11-5.
  5. Bakhshandeh SH, Najaf Yarandi A, Ahmadi Z, Hosseini F. respiratory exercises and the quality of lives of asthmatic patients. IJN 2004; 17 (38):16-24.[Persian]
  6. Riahi S, Maleki M, Riyahi F, Mousavi H. Asthma and Exercise Activity; a Systematic Review Study. Health Research Journal  2017; 2 (1):57-66.
  7. Dogra S, Kuk JL, Baker J, Jamnik V. Exercise is associated with improved asthma control in adults. ERJ 2011; 37(2):318-23.
  8. Durigan JL, Peviani SM, Russo TL, Duarte AC, Vieira RP, Martins MA, Carvalho CR, Salvini TF. Physical training leads to remodeling of diaphragm muscle in asthma model. International Journal Sports Medicine 2009; 30(6):430-4.
  9. Rosenkranz SK, Rosenkranz RR, Hastmann TJ, Harms CA. High-intensity training improves airway responsiveness in inactive nonasthmatic children: evidence from a randomized controlled trial. JAP 2012; 112(7):1174-83.
  10. Asl Mohammadi Zadeh M, Ghanbarzadeh M, Habibi A, Nikbakht M, Shakeriyan S, Baghernia R, et al. Effects of exercise with lower and upper extremities on respiratory and exercise capacities of asthmatic patients. Koomesh 2013; 15 (1):89-101.
  11. Spruit MA, Singh SJ, Garvey C, ZuWallack R, Nici L, Rochester C, Hill K, et al. ATS/ERS Task Force on Pulmonary Rehabilitation. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation. AJRCCM 2013; 188(8):e13-64.
  12. Pothirat C, Chaiwong W, Phetsuk N, Liwsrisakun C, Bumroongkit C, Deesomchok A, et al. Long-term efficacy of intensive cycle ergometer exercise training program for advanced COPD patients. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 2015; 10:133-44.
  13. Dunham C, Harms CA. Effects of high-intensity interval training on pulmonary function. EJAP 2012; 112(8):3061-8.
  14. Normandin E, Nigam A, Meyer P, Juneau M, Guiraud T, Bosquet L, et al. Acute responses to intermittent and continuous exercise in heart failure patients. CJC 2013; 29(4):466-71.
  15. Abdollahi M, Sherabafi Eidgahi E. Estimating sample size in medical studies using G*Power and PASS software. 2nd ed. Tehran: Sokhan Gostar ; 2019:100-101.
  16. Hansen JE, Sue YD, Casaburi MD, Richard Whipp JB, Wasserman K. Review of “Principles of Exercise Testing & Interpretation: Including Pathophysiology and Clinical Applications”. 2nd ed. London 1999
  17. Mann BJ, Grana WA, Indelicato PA, O'Neill DF, George SZ. A survey of sports medicine physicians regarding psychological issues in patient-athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2007; 35(12):214.
  18. Nathan RA, Sorkness CA, Kosinski M, Schatz M, Li JT, Marcus P, et al. Development of the asthma control test: A survey for assessing asthma control. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2004 ;113(1): 59-65.
  19. Shaw B, Shaw S. Brown GA. Role of diaphragmatic breathing and aerobic exercise in improving pulmonary function and maximal oxygen consumption in asthmatics. Science & sports 2010; 25(3): 7-13.
  20. Satta A. Exercise training in asthma. The Journal of Sport Medicine and Physical Fitness 2000; 40(4):277-83.
  21. Hallstrand TS, Bates PW, Schoene RB. Aerobic conditioning in mild asthma decreases the hyperpnea of exercise and improves exercise and ventilatory capacity. Chest 2000; 118(5):1460-9.
  22. Helal OF, Alshehri MA, Alayat MS, Alhasan H, Tobaigy A. The effectiveness of short-term high-intensity exercise on ventilatory function, in adults with a high risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PTS 2017; 29(5):927-930.
  23. Boyd A, Yang CT, Estell K, Ms CT, Gerald LB, Dransfield M, et al. Feasibility of exercising adults with asthma: a randomized pilot study. AACI 2012; 8(1):13.
  24. Rickard, K. FeNO Testing: A new biomarker for inflammation enhances asthma diagnosis and management. Journal for Respiratory Care Practitioners 2012; 25(10): 8-13.
  25. Arshi S, Nabavi M, Babaie D, Bahrami A, Ghalehbaghi B. Exercise induced changes in spirometry and impulse oscillometry measurements in persistent allergic rhinitis. IJAAI 2012; 11(3):259-66. [Persian]
  26. Behrad A, Askari R, Hamedinia M. The effect of high intensity interval training and circuit resistance training on respiratory function and body composition in overweight females. JPSBS 2016; 4(7): 89-101. [Persian]
  27. Mendes FA, Almeida FM, Cukier A, Stelmach R, Jacob-Filho W, Martins MA, et al. Effects of aerobic training on airway inflammation in asthmatic patients. MSSE 2010; 43(2):197-203.
  28. Refaat A, Gawish M. Effect of physical training on health-related quality of life in patients with moderate and severe asthma. Egyptian Journal of Chest Disease and Tuberculosis 2015;64(4): 761-6.
  29. Moghaddasi B, Moghadasi Z, Taherinasab P. Effects of physical exercise on pulmonary function and clinical manifestations by asthmatic patients. JAMS 2010; 13(2) :134-140. [Persian]
  30. Toennesen LL, Soerensen ED, Hostrup M, Porsbjerg C, Bangsbo J, Backer V. Feasibility of high-intensity training in asthma. ECRJ 2018; 5(1):1468714.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار