مقایسه اثربخشی درمان‌های شناختی- رفتاری و پذیرش و تعهد بر کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی ذهنی مادران دارای کودک مبتلا به اختلال طیف اوتیسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه روانشناسی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اوتیسم یکی از ناتوانی­های تحولی پیچیده است که علاوه بر فرد، خانواده و جامعه را دچار چالش می­کند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه اثربخشی درمان­های شناختی- رفتاری و پذیرش و تعهد بر کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی ذهنی مادران دارای کودک مبتلا به اختلال طیف اوتیسم انجام شد.
مواد و روش­ها: این پژوهش نیمه­آزمایشی و با طرح پیش­آزمون- پس­آزمون با گروه گواه و پیگیری بود. جامعه آماری شامل مادران دارای کودک مبتلا به اختلال طیف اوتیسم مراجعه­کننده به انجمن اوتیسم استان گیلان در سال 1398 بود. با روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس، 51 نفر انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی ساده در سه گروه 17 نفری درمان شناختی رفتاری، درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و گواه وارد مطالعه شدند. مداخلات درمانی به مدت 2 ماه برای گروه­های آزمایش اعمال شد. گروه گواه مداخله­ای دریافت نکرد. داده­ها توسط چک­لیست اطلاعات دموگرافیک، پرسشنامه­های کیفیت زندگی Harper و Power (1999) و بهزیستی ذهنیKeyes  و Magyar-Moe (2003) جمع­آوری و با آمار واریانس با اندازه­گیری مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی بنفرونی تحلیل شد.
یافته­ها: درمان­ شناختی- رفتاری و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد موجب افزایش کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی ذهنی شد (001/0>p). بین اثربخشی درمان شناختی- رفتاری و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد در افزایش کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی ذهنی مادران دارای کودک مبتلا به اختلال طیف اوتیسم تفاوت معنی­داری وجود نداشت.
نتیجه­گیری: استفاده از مداخلات مبتنی بر درمان شناختی- رفتاری و پذیرش و تعهد می­تواند موجب افزایش کیفیت زندگی و بهزیستی ذهنی در مادران دارای کودک مبتلا به اختلال طیف اوتیسم ­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies and Acceptance and Commitment on Quality of Life and Mental Well-Being of Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sh Agha-Virdinejad 1
  • B Akbari 2
  • A Sadeghi 3
1 PhD Student, Dept of Psychology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
2 Professor, Dept of Psychology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
3 Associate Prof, Dept of Psychology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Autism is a complex disability that challenges not only the individual but also the family and society. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapies and acceptance and commitment on quality of life and mental well-being of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder.
Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a 3-month follow-up. The statistical population included all mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder presenting the autism association of Guilan province in 2019. Using available sampling method, 51 people were selected and randomly entered into the study in three groups of 17: cognitive-behavioral therapy, acceptance-based therapy, and commitment and witness therapy. Therapeutic interventions were applied for 2 months for the experimental groups. The control group did not receive any intervention. Demographic information checklists and Harper and Power quality of life questionnaires and Keys and Margiamo mental well-being questionnaires were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using repeated measures statistical methods of variance and Bephroni post hoc test at a significant level of 0.05 using Spss24 software.
Results: The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment increased the quality of life and mental well-being of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (p<0.001). Moreover, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment in increasing the quality of life and mental well-being of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (p>0.05).
Conclusions: According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the use of interventions based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment can increase the quality of life and mental well-being in mothers of children with spectrum disorders.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
  • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
  • Quality of Life
  • Mental Well-Being
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder

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