تأثیر آموزش ایفای نقش بر عملکرد دانش‌آموزان دختر و معلمان در مواجهه با آسپیراسیون جسم خارجی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه پرستاری کودکان، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران .

2 استاد، گروه آموزشی کودکان، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت‌های دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

3 مربی، گروه آموزشی کودکان، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه آموزشی داخلی جراحی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: آسپیراسیون جسم خارجی یکی از فوریت‌های پزشکی محسوب می­شود. افزایش سطح آگاهی افراد و به خصوص
دانش­آموزان می‌تواند در پیشگیری و کاهش خفگی ناشی از آن مؤثر باشد. لذا این مطالعه‌ با هدف تعیین تأثیر آموزش ایفای نقش بر عملکرد دانش­آموزان و معلمان آنان مواجهه با آسپیراسیون جسم خارجی انجام شد.
مواد و روش ها: این مطالعه از نوع نیمه تجربی است که جامعه پژوهش آن شامل کلیه دانش‌آموزان متوسطه دوره اول و معلمان آنان بود. 28 دانش‌آموز و 28 معلم همان مدرسه به روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. مداخله آموزشی به‌صورت ایفای نقش در قالب سه جلسه آموزشی برگزار گردید.. عملکرد نمونه‌ها قبل، بلافاصله و یک ماه بعد از مداخله توسط چک­‌لیست 20 سوالی در زمینه اجرای مراحل مانور هیملیخ ارزیابی شد و با استفاده از آزمون­های تی مستقل، تی زوج و آنالیز واریانس با اندازه‌های تکراری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت .
یافته ­ها: نتایج نشان داد که آموزش از طریق ایفای نقش باعث افزایش نمره عملکرد معلمان و دانش­آموزان بلافاصله و یک ماه بعد از مداخله شد. آزمون آنالیز واریانس با تکرار مشاهدات قبلی نشان داد که میانگین نمره عملکرد دانش‌آموزان و معلمان بلافاصله و یک ماه بعد از مداخله به‌طور معنی­داری بیشتر از قبل از مداخله بود (001/0p<).
نتیجه­ گیری: روش آموزش ایفای نقش توانست مهارت‌ها و عملکرد دانش‌آموزان و معلمین آن‌ها را در مورد آسپیراسیون جسم خارجی نسبت به قبل از آموزش به نحو چشمگیری بالا ببرد. پیشنهاد می‌گردد با برگزاری کلاس‌ها و کارگاه­های آموزش مداوم به دانش­آموزان و معلمان، و تشویق آن‌ها به بازپخش این آموزش‌ها آگاهی کلیه اقشار جامعه افزایش داده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Role Playing Methods on the Performance of High School Student's Girls and Teachers Encountering Foreign Body Aspiration

نویسندگان [English]

  • F Kheirmand 1
  • Z Abdeyazdan 2
  • M Maarofy 3
  • M Kazemi 4
1 MSc Student, Dept of Pediatric, Nursing and Midwifery School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Professor, Dept of Pediatric, Nursing and Midwifery School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
3 Instructor, Dept of Pediatric, Nursing and Midwifery School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
4 Associate prof, Dept of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Non-co mmunicable Disease Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: foreign body aspiration (FBA) is considered as one of the medical emergencies. Increasing the individuals’ awareness especially students can be effective in preventing and reducing suffocation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was the effects of role playing methods on the performance of the students and teachers encountering FBA.
Materials and Methods: This is a semi-experimental study in which the statistical population includes high school students and teachers. The sampling method was clustering and random by which 28 students and 28 teachers were selected.  Educational intervention was held in form of three training sessions. Then, the performance of the samples was evaluated before, immediately and one month after the intervention by a checklist of 20 questions regarding the implementation of the Heimlich maneuver. Finally, the filled out checklists were analyzed statistically using T- test, paired T-test and ANOVA.
Results: The results showed that role playing methods was increased immediately and one month after the intervention on the performance of the students and teachers. The ONVA test  showed that the mean score of teachers' and students performance that immediately and one month after the intervention was more than before education(p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that role playing method could improve the students and teachers' skills and performance in dealing with FBA.
It is suggested that awareness of all communities be increased by conducting classes and education workshops for students and teachers, and encouraging them to re-launch these trainings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Role playing
  • Students
  • teacher
  • Foreign body aspiration

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