مهارت‌‌های زندگی اجتماعی، عنصر بنیادین درمان پایدار اعتیاد: " تحلیل تطبیقی- تلفیقی بهبودیافتگان و بیماران مواد مخدر منطقه کاشان در سال 1397"

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری تخصصی، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران.

2 دکتری تخصصی، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: مهارت‌های زندگی اجتماعی شامل گروهی از مهارت‌ها هستند که برای کنار آمدن با موقعیت‌ها و چالش‌های زندگی روزمره لازم بوده و فرد را به لحاظ دانش، نگرش و رفتار در برابر بازگشت به اعتیاد مجهز می‌سازند. لذا هدف از این پژوهش، تعیین نقش مهارت‌های زندگی اجتماعی در درمان پایدار اعتیاد در منطقه کاشان است.
مواد و روش‌ها: روش این پژوهش، تلفیقی و جامعه آماری شامل متخصصین و پژوهشگران اعتیاد، افراد موفق به ترک، خانواده‌هایشان و نیز بیماران اعتیاد در سال 1397 در شهر کاشان بوده که با استفاده از روش‌های نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و طبقه‌ای، 31 نفر در بخش کیفی و 343 نفر در بخش کمّی برگزیده شدند. تکنیک گردآوری داده‌ها، مصاحبه نیمه‌متمرکز و پرسشنامه استاندارد مهارت‌های زندگی بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های تحلیل واریانس F و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: فقدان مهارت‌های کارکردی زندگی در دوران پیش از شروع مصرف، زمینه را برای گرایش به اعتیاد فراهم کرده و در دوران مصرف مواد، عرصه را برای تداوم اعتیاد مهیا ساخته است. پس از شروع ترک مواد، فراگیری این مهارت‌ها منجر به ماندگاری در درمان و توانمندسازی بهبودیافتگان شد. افرادی که در وضعیت ترک پایدار به سر می‌بردند، از مهارت‌های زندگی بیشتری برخوردار بوده (‌001/0=F=، 1/108=p) و افزایش مهارت‌های زندگی، مدت زمان پایداری آن‌ها را‌ بهبود بخشید (23/0=p ، 454=r).
 نتیجه‌گیری: در صورتی ‌که فرد از مهارت‌هایی نظیر تصمیم‌گیری، نه گفتن، ابراز وجود، برقراری ارتباط و غیره برخوردار باشد و یا طی دوره درمان، در برنامه‌های مهارت افزایی شرکت داشته باشد، در ترک اعتیاد موفق‌تر خواهد داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Adaptive-Combined Analysis of Recoveries and Drug Addiction Patients in the Kashan Region in 2018

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Niazi 1
  • SS Hoseynizadeh arani 2
1 PhD, Dept of Social Sciences, Kashan University, Kashan, Iran.
2 PhD, Dept of Social Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Social life skills include a group of skills necessary for coping with the situations and challenges of everyday life and equipping individuals in terms of knowledge, attitude, and behavior against returning to addiction. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the role of social life skills in the Durable treatment of addiction in Kashan.
Materials and Methods: This study used a combined method, and the statistical population included the three groups of therapists and researchers in the field of addiction, people succeeded in beating drug addiction and their families, as well as drug addiction patients in Kashan in 2018. A stratified purposeful sampling method was used, where 31 individuals were selected in a qualitative section, and 343 individuals in the quantitative section as the sample. The data collection technique was a semi-focused interview; in addition, the standard questionnaire of life skills and the data were analyzed using variance analysis (F) and the Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: The lack of functional life skills in pre-drug addiction period created a context for addiction, and when it came to the drug use, it created an area for continued drug addiction. After starting to leave the drug, learning these skills led to a lasting improvement in the treatment and empowerment of the improved people. In addition, those in the state of constant withdrawal had more life skills (p‌=0.001), and increasing the life skills of the individuals improved their sustainability (p‌= 0.001).
Conclusions: If individuals have skills, such as decision-making skills, not speaking, expressing, communicating, etc., or taking part in a skill-building program during a course of treatment, they will be more successful in leaving addiction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Addiction
  • Constant Treatment
  • Life Skills
  • Combined Method
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