سلامت جامعه

سلامت جامعه

اثربخشی رویکردهای نوین فعالیت بدنی (مایل روزانه و وقفه‌های فعال) بر تندرستی کودکان دبستانی: یک مطالعه نیمه­تجربی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
مجید محمدی 1
روح اله محمدی میرزائی 2
شهرام نظرپوری 3
1 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه آموزش تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
10.22123/chj.2026.248430
چکیده
مقدمه: یافتن راهکارهای عملی و کم‌هزینه برای بهبود شاخص‌های تندرستی در کودکان دبستانی، یکی از اولویت‌های محوری نظام آموزشی و بهداشتی است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین اثربخشی رویکردهای نوین فعالیت بدنی مایل روزانه و وقفه‌های فعال بر شاخص‌های تندرستی کودکان دبستانی بود.
مواد و روش­ها: پژوهش حاضر نیمه­تجربی، و جامعه آماری شامل 15410 دانش­آموز ۸ تا ۱۰ سال شهر نورآباد در سال تحصیلی ۱۴۰3–۱۴۰2 بود که ۳۸۶ نفر با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله­ای انتخاب و به ‌صورت تصادفی در گروه مداخله مایل روزانه (128n=)، وقفه فعال (132n=)) و کنترل (126n=) تقسیم شدند. برنامه­های مداخله طی ۲۴ جلسه ۱۵ دقیقه‌ای اجرا شدند. شاخص‌های تندرستی و متابولیسم پایه در مراحل پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری ارزیابی شدند. داده­ها با استفاده از آنالیز واریانس دوطرفه با اندازه­گیری­های مکرر تجزیه­و­تحلیل شد.
یافته ­ها: میانگین و انحراف معیار نمره پیش­آزمون، پس­آزمون و پیگیری در گروه مایل روزانه به ترتیب برای شاخص اسکلتی-عضلانی 91/6 ±92/47، 04/6 ±21/58، 47/6 ±33/56، متابولیسم پایه 11/124 ±82/960، 15/113 ±30/1589، 02/90 ± 20/1032، درصد چربی بدن 16/4 ±79/8، 72/3 ±47/6، 92/3 ± 6/15، و چربی احشایی 72/2 ±97/2، 53/2 ±17/2 و 30/ 2± 38/2 (001/0>P) و در گروه وقفه فعال برای شاخص اسکلتی- عضلانی 22/6 ±28/48، 79/5 ± 55/47 و 63/5 ±51/54، متابولیسم پایه 30/ 120 ± 57/958، 70/114 ±50/1037 و 85/103 ±92/1017 بود (001/0>P). در گروه کنترل، تفاوت معنی­داری مشاهده نگردید.
نتیجه گیری: گنجاندن دوره‌های کوتاه فعالیت بدنی در برنامه روزانه مدارس می‌تواند راهبردی مؤثر برای ارتقای سلامت عمومی، کاهش عوامل خطر متابولیکی و پیشگیری از کم‌تحرکی در کودکان باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
مایل روزانه
وقفه فعال
توده بدن
درصد چربی
کودکان دبستانی

عنوان مقاله English

The Effect of Innovative Physical Activity Approaches (Daily Mile and Active Breaks) on the Well-being of Elementary School Children: A Quasi-Experimental Study

نویسندگان English

M mohammadi 1
R Mohammadi Mirzai, 2
SH nazarpouri 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University,Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction: Given that sustainable societal health is established since childhood, finding practical and low-cost solutions to improve the health indicators in primary school children has become one of the central priorities of the educational and health systems. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of novel physical activity approaches, namely the ‘Daily Mile’ and ‘Active Breaks,’ on the health indicators of primary school children.
Materials and Methods: This applied quasi-experimental study enrolled a statistical population of 15,410 female and male students aged 8 to 10 years in the city of Nurabad during the 2023–2024 academic year. A total of 386 participants were selected through multistage cluster random sampling; they were then randomly assigned to the intervention groups, namely the Daily Mile group (n=128),the Active Breaks group (n=132), and the control group (n=126). The intervention programs were implemented over eight weeks, three days per week, with a total of 24 sessions of 15 minutes each. During this period, the control group continued their usual educational activities at school. Health indicators including body mass, body fat percentage, visceral fat, skeletal-muscular index, and basal metabolism were evaluated using InBody devices at three stages: pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up. The data were analyzed using repeated measures two-way ANOVA.
Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant changes in the musculoskeletal index throughout the test phases in the daily mile group (pre-test: 47.91±6.91, post-test: 58.21±6.04, and follow-up: 56.33±6.47, P<0.001). Furthermore, basal metabolism (pre-test: 960.11±124.82, post-test: 1589.30 ± 113.15, and follow-up: 1032.20±90.02, P<0.001), body fat percentage (pre-test: 8.79 ±4.16, post-test: 6.47 3.72, and follow-up: 15.6±3.92, P<0.001), and visceral fat (pre-test: 2.97 ±2.72, post-test: 2.17±2.53, and follow-up: 2.38 ± 2.30, P<0.001) also showed significant improvement in this group. In the Active Breaks group, significant changes were observed in the musculoskeletal index (pre-test: 48.28±6.22, post-test: 47.55±5.79, and follow-up: 54.51± 5.63, P<0.001). Basal metabolism also improved in this group (pre-test: 958.30±120.11, post-test: 1037.70±114.15, and follow-up: 1017.92±103.85, P<0.001). No significant differences were observed in any of the studied variables across the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages in the control group (p>0.05). Regarding gender effects, boys showed a statistically significant greater improvement in the musculoskeletal index than girls at the post-test (Boys: 30.57 ± 6.54, Girls: 28.63 ± 6.22) and follow-up (Boys: 36.57 ± 6.57, Girls: 51.64 ± 6.42) stages (P<0.001). Additionally, basal metabolism was significantly higher in boys at the post-test (Boys: 125.20±23.1069, Girls: 101.30±30.1040) and follow-up (Boys: 123.74±36.1042, Girls: 30.12±56.1023) stages (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Overall, the results clearly demonstrate that incorporating short bouts of physical activity into daily school routines can be an effective strategy for promoting general health, reducing metabolic risk factors, and preventing physical inactivity in children.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Daily Mile
Active Breaks
body mass
body fat percentage
elementary school children
 
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سلامت جامعه
دوره 20، شماره 1
بهار 1405
صفحه 40-56