Community Health Journal

Community Health Journal

The Effect of Aerobic Exercise with Green Tea Extract Supplementation on Bax and Bcl-2 in Aged Male Rat's Heart Tissue by Immunohistochemistry

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
M Rajabi Hezave 1
N Behpour 2
A Hematfar 3
1 Ph.D Student, Dept of Physical Education, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran.
2 Associate Prof, Dept of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof, Dept of Physical Education, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran.
10.22123/chj.2020.213190.1406
Abstract
Introduction: Aging is associated with impaired biological function, leading to various diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular failure. Regular aerobic exercise and green tea extract with antioxidant properties can reduce the effects of aging. This study aims to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and consumption of green tea extract on the levels of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in the heart tissue of aged male rats.
Materials and Methods: 32 aged male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, exercise, supplement, and exercise+ supplement. Exercise groups performed aerobic exercise at an intensity of 60-75% of vo2peak for 12 weeks and 5 days per week; meantime, the supplementary groups consumed green tea extract. The immunohistochemistry method was used to measure the expression of Bax and Bcl-2. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. The significance level was considered p<0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using Spss 24 software.
Results: The results showed that Bax expression was significantly lower in the exercise group ((p=0.031)), supplement group ((p=0.002)), and exercise + supplement group ((p=0.000)) than the control group. Also, Bcl-2 expression was significantly higher in the exercise+ supplement group ((p=0.036)) than in the control group.
Conclusion: According to the results, a combination of 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with green tea extract supplementation can decrease the expression of cardiac Bax and ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 than aerobic exercise and green tea supplementation alone.
Keywords
Aging
Rat
Aerobic exercise
Green tea
Heart tissue
Bax
Bcl-2
  1. Chilton W, O’Brien B, Charchar F. Telomeres, Aging and Exercise: Guilty by Association? IJMS 2017;18(12):2573.
  2. Norouzi Kamareh MH, Zolfaghari MR, Ghaderi Pakdel F, tolouei azar j. The effect of taking green tea extract for 12 weeks on telomerase enzyme content in heart tissue of old rats in response to acute exhaustive exercise. Studies in Medical Sciences 2018;29(2):103-9. [Persian].
  3. Norouzi Kamareh MH, Zolfaghari MR, Ghaderi Pakdel F, Tolouei Azar J. Effect of 12 Weeks Moderate Intensity Resistance Training and Green Tea Extract on Cardiac Caspase-3 Expression and Telomerase Enzyme Content in Aged Male Rats. Sport Physiology 2018;10(39):107-26. [Persian].
  4. Kalkavan H, Green DR. MOMP, cell suicide as a BCL-2 family business. CDD 2018;25(1):46-55.
  5. Kwak H-B, Song W, Lawler JM. Exercise training attenuates age-induced elevation in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, apoptosis, and remodeling in the rat heart. The FASEB Journal 2006;20(6):791-3.
  6. Soufi FG, Farajnia S, Aslanabadi N, Ahmadiasl N, Alipour M, Alipour M, et al. Long-term exercise training affects age-induced changes in HSP70 and apoptosis in rat heart. General physiology and biophysics 2008;27(4):263.
  7. Kwak H-B. Effects of aging and exercise training on apoptosis in the heart. JER 2013;9(2):212.
  8. Gad SB, Zaghloul DM. Beneficial effects of green tea extract on liver and kidney functions, ultrastructure, lipid profile and hematological parameters in aged male rats. GV 2013;11(2):191-205.
  9. Sheng R, Gu ZL, Xie ML, Zhou WX, Guo CY. Epigallocatechin gallate protects H9c2 cardiomyoblasts against hydrogen dioxides- induced apoptosis and telomere attrition. EJP 2010;641(2-3):199-206.
  10. Rice-Evans C. Implications of the mechanisms of action of tea polyphenols as antioxidants in vitro for chemoprevention in humans. SEBM 1999;220(4):262-6.
  11. Mobasher M, Sasani P, Al-e-Davood SJ, Aramesh K, Larijani B. Revision of the guideline for ethical use of animals. Medical Ethics and History of Medicine 2012;5(1):70-111. [Persian].
  12. Norouzi Kamareh M, Zolfaghari M, Ghaderi Pakdel F, Tolouei Azar J. Effect of 12 weeks aerobic training combined with hydroalcoholic green tea extract on cardiac telomerase enzyme in aged male rats. JAMS 2017;20(126):86-95. [Persian].
  13. Hoydal MA, Wisloff U, Kemi OJ, Ellingsen O. Running speed and maximal oxygen uptake in rats and mice: practical implications for exercise training. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 2007;14(6):753-60.
  14. Akbari H, Maleki MJ, Ravasi AA, kordi MR, Dizagi A, Miri M, et al. The effect of an endurance training period with cellular Anti-aging purpose on telomerase enzyme activity in cardiac tissue and peripheral blood lymphocytes in male rats. Journal of Medical Council of Islamic Republic of Iran 2014;31(4):389-96. [Persian].
  15. Huang C-Y, Lin Y-Y, Hsu C-C, Cheng S-M, Shyu W-C, Ting H, et al. Antiapoptotic effect of exercise training on ovariectomized rat hearts. Journal of Applied Physiology 2016;121(2):457-65.
  16. Kong CM, Lee XW, Wang X. Telomere shortening in human diseases. The FEBS journal 2013;280(14):3180-93.
  17. Sheng R, Gu ZL, Xie ML. Epigallocatechin gallate, the major component of polyphenols in green tea, inhibits telomere attrition mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis in cardiac hypertrophy. IJC 2013;162(3):199-209.
  18. Ko I-G, Kim S-E, Kim C-J, Jee Y-S. Treadmill Exercise Alleviates Aging-induced Apoptosis in Rat Cardiac Myocytes. IJGE 2013;7(3):152-7.
  19. Tedeschi E, Menegazzi M, Yao Y, Suzuki H, Förstermann U, Kleinert H. Green tea inhibits human inducible nitric-oxide synthase expression by down-regulating signal transducer and activator of transcription-1α activation. Molecular pharmacology 2004;65(1):111-20.
  20. Kim I-B, Kim D-Y, Lee S-J, Sun M-J, Lee M-S, Li H, et al. Inhibition of IL-8 production by green tea polyphenols in human nasal fibroblasts and a549 epithelial cells. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2006;29(6):1120-5.
  21. Tang Y, Matsuoka I, Ono T, Inoue K, Kimura J. Selective up-regulation of P2X4-receptor gene expression by interferon-γ in vascular endothelial cells. JPS 2008;107(4):419-27.
  22. Aceros H, Farah G, Cobos‐Puc L, Stabile A, Noiseux N, Mukaddam‐Daher S. Moxonidine improves cardiac structure and performance in SHR through inhibition of cytokines, p38 MAPK and Akt. BJP 2011;164(3):946-57.
  23. Rinaldi B, Corbi G, Boccuti S, Filippelli W, Rengo G, Leosco D, et al. Exercise training affects age-induced changes in SOD and heat shock protein expression in rat heart. Experimental gerontology 2006;41(8):764-70.