Background and Objective: Assessing participation level of individuals in their personal and social life is of the most recent methods for measuring the level of health among them. In this study, the effect of Ischemic Heart Diseases on the participation level of patients was measured comparing to the general population of Rafsanjan in order to recognize the most important aspects of patient's life affected by the disease (2009).   Material and methods: In this historical cohort study, a group of people who were matched based on age, gender, educational status, social class, and marital status in two different groups of Ischemic Heart Diseases patients (n=50) and healthy people(n=50) was studied. The level of participation was measured using Impact on participation and autonomy (IPA) scale. Data were collected by a trained expert in a calm place. Parametric (t-test) and non-parametric (Mann-Whitney U) tests were used to compare groups where appropriate. Relative risk and attributable risk were also calculated.   Results: The cohort under study consisting 100 people in two different groups of patients and healthy people was statistically similar based on effective factors. Proportion of people with undesirable participation level among patients group was significantly greater than this proportion among the other group. The most important aspects of patients’ life affected by the disease were “family role” and “self care”. Relative risk showed that suffering from Ischemic Heart Diseases significantly increases the probability of reporting undesirable participation among patients as 5.1 times (95%CI= 1.7-15.0 ) and 4.9 times (95%CI= 1.3-18.8) in aspects of “family role” and “self care”, respectively .   Conclusion: Our findings showed that Ischemic Heart Diseases affected the participation level of people in their life, significantly. Respecting the long duration of the disease among patients, improving the participation of patients is very important.