تأثیر تمرینات وستیبولار بر عملکرد تعادلی سالمندان غیرفعال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مازندران، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: پیری با تغییرات فیزیولوژیکی تدریجی در سیستم­های بدن مانند کاهش قدرت عضلات و دامنه حرکتی، افزایش زمان واکنش و تغییرات در سیستم‌های تعادل و حسی همراه است. فعالیت بدنی از جمله روش‌هایی است که برای پیشگیری، به تأخیر انداختن و یا درمان مشکلات ناشی از فرآیند پیری به کار می‌رود. هدف از انجام تحقیق حاضر، تعیین تأثیر تمرینات وستیبولار بر عملکرد تعادلی سالمندان غیرفعال بود.
مواد و روش­ها: این مطالعه از نوع نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و همراه با گروه کنترل بود که در آن 40 داوطلب مرد غیرفعال با سن بالاتر از 60 سال شهر کرج در سال 1398، به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه تجربی و کنترل (هر گروه 20 نفر) قرار گرفتند. گروه تجربی به مدت دوازده جلسه (هفته‌ای سه جلسه 45 دقیقه‌ای) در تمرینات وستیبولار شرکت کردند. برای اندازه­گیری عملکرد تعادلی از آزمون تعادل پویا استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌ها توسط آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس یک‌راهه انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تفاوت معنی­داری در میانگین عملکرد تعادلی دو گروه نشان داد (002/0>p). نمره عملکرد تعادلی در گروه تجربی و کنترل به ترتیب 23/0±45/19 و 15/0±55/20 بود که حاکی از بهبود عملکرد تعادلی در گروه تجربی بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به اثر تمرینات وستیبولار بر بهبود عملکرد تعادلی سالمندان پیشنهاد می‌شود برنامه‌ریزی این نوع از تمرینات برای جامعه سالمندان ضروری شود. با اجرای تمرینات وستیبولار مناسب می‌توان از ضعف تعادلی و ریسک سقوط در این افراد جلوگیری کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Vestibular Exercises on the Balance Performance of the Inactive Elderly

نویسندگان [English]

  • AH Sabzi 1
  • S Damanpak 2
  • A Dana 3
1 Assistant Prof, Dept of Physical Education, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Prof, Dept of Physical Education, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran, Iran.
3 Associate Prof, Dept of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Aging is associated with some gradual physiological changes in body systems, including a decrease in muscle strength and range of motion, an increase in reaction time, as well as alterations in balance and sensory systems. Physical activity can be used to prevent, delay, or treat age-related problems. The study aims at specifying the effects of vestibular exercises on the balance performance of inactive elderly.
Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experiment conducted in Karaj in 2019, with pre-test, post-test, and control groups in which 40 inactive male volunteers older than 60 years were randomly assigned into an experimental group (20) and a control group (20). The experimental group participated in vestibular exercises for twelve sessions (three 45-minute sessions per week). The dynamic balance test was used to measure equilibrium performance. The one-way ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results of covariance analysis indicated a significant difference in the mean of balance performance between experimental group and control group after the intervention (p<0.05). The score of balance performance in the experimental and control groups was 19.45±0.23 and 20.55±0.15, respectively, indicating enhanced balance performance in the experimental group.
Conclusion: Considering the effects of vestibular exercises on the enhancement of balance performance of the elderly, it is suggested that planning these exercises be mandatory for the elderly community. Poor balance and fall risk in the elderly can be prevented through appropriate vestibular exercises.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vestibular exercises
  • Elderly
  • Balance
  • Intervention
  • Falling

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