مقایسه اثر شش هفته تمرینات منتخب حرکتی-رایانه‌ای و تعادلی ضد سقوط بر حس وضعیت مفصل مچ پا و ترس از سقوط در مردان سالمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار،گروه آموزشی تربیت بدنی، ‌دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر،‌ تهران،‌ ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه علوم زیستی،‌ دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود،‌ شاهرود، سمنان، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه آسیب شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی، ‌پژوهشگاه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی،‌ تهران، ایران.

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی،‌ دانشکده تربیت بدنی،‌ دانشگاه رجا قزوین،‌ قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: یکی از عوامل خطرساز برای سالمندان سقوط و عوارض آن می­باشد. هدف از این مطالعه مقایسه اثر دو نوع برنامه تمرینات حرکتی ـرایانه­ای و تعادلی ضد سقوط بر حس وضعیت مفصل مچ پا و میزان ترس از سقوط مردان سالمند است.
مواد و روش ­ها: جامعه آماری این پژوهش نیمه­تجربی را مردان مقیم مرکز سالمندان کهریزک استان البرز در سال ۹۸ تشکیل دادند. 45 سالمند، 74-60 ساله به صورت در دسترس انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در سه گروه تمرینات حرکتی ـرایانه­ای، تمرینات تعادلی ضد سقوط و کنترل (15 نفر در هر گروه) تقسیم شدند. گروه­های تجربی 6 هفته (هفته­ای 3 جلسه 70 دقیقه­ای) تمرینات را انجام دادند. گروه کنترل فعالیت متداول خود را داشتند. حس وضعیت مفصل مچ پا به­وسیله الکتروگونیامتر در زاویه 10 درجه دورسی فلکشن پا و 20 درجه پلانتار فلکشن، و ترس از سقوط به ­وسیله پرسشنامه خودکارآمدی ارزیابی شد. آزمون­ها در پیش­آزمون و پس از ۶ هفته تمرین، در پس­آزمون تکرار شدند. داده­ها توسط آزمون­های t زوجی و آنالیز کوواریانس چندمتغیره تحلیل شدند.
یافته ­ها: در دو گروه تجربی، حس وضعیت مفصل مچ پا در زاویه 10 درجه دورسی فلکشن و 20 درجه پلانتار فلکشن، و میزان ترس از سقوط بعد از اعمال مداخله بهبود معنی­داری پیدا کرد (به ترتیب 004/0=p، 002/0=p و 005/0=p)، این تغییرات در هر دو گروه مشابه بود. گروه کنترل در فاکتورهای فوق تغییر معنی­داری نشان نداد.
نتیجه­ گیری: انجام تمرینات حرکتی­ـرایانه­ای و تمرینات تعادلی ضد سقوط در بهبود حس وضعیت مچ پای سالمندان مؤثرند اما هیچ یک نسبت به دیگری برتری ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Six Weeks of Exergaming vs. Fall-proof exercises vs. on Ankle Proprioception and Fear of Falling in -the Elderly Men

نویسندگان [English]

  • H Miri 1
  • M Haghighi 2
  • M Hosseinzadeh 3
  • M Peymani 4
1 Assistant Prof, Dept of physical education and sports sciences, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Prof. Physical education and sports scAssistant Pro, Dept of Biological Science, Physical education School, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan, Iran. iences School, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Semnan, Iran
3 Assistant Prof, Dept of sports injury, Sports Science Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
4 MSc student, Dept of sports injury, Physical education school, Raja university of Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]

 Introduction: Biological changes caused by aging can affect the functioning of the human locomotor system. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of exergaming vs. fall-proof exercises on ankle joint proprioception and fear of fall among the elderly.
Materials and Methods: Forty-five elderly men, aged 60-74 years voluntarily participated in this semi-experimental study that includes a control group. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups including exergaming (n=15), fall-proof prevention exercises (n=15) and control (n=15). Participants in the training groups exercised for 6 weeks, three 70-minute sessions per week. Participants in the control group did continue their regular daily lifestyle. Ankle joint proprioception was recorded at 10 degrees of Dorsiflexion and 20 degrees of Plantar-flexion by Electro goniometer. The Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was applied for recording fear of fall among the elderly. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and two-way covariance ANOVA and using SPSS software version 24.
Results: The results of two-way covariance analysis showed a significant improvement in ankle joint proprioception at both 10° dorsiflexion and 20° plantarflexion angles in both groups (fall-proof, exergaming). Fear of fall was also improved similarly in both training groups (p < 0.05). The outcome measures were not significantly changed in the control group.
Conclusion: Six weeks of both exergaming and fall-proof training can improve the ankle joint proprioception and the fear of fall in elderly men. Both the exergaming and fall-proof training are recommended for elderly men.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fall-proof Exercise
  • Exergaming
  • Ankle Joint Proprioception
  • Fear of Fall
  • Elderly

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