مقایسه اثربخشی درمان شناختی رفتاری و طرح‌واره درمانی بر سازگاری هیجانی و احساس تنهایی زنان مبتلا به اختلال پرخوری با ادراک طرد والدین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، واحد نایین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نایین، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد نایین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نایین، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

10.22123/chj.2023.327324.1858

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال پرخوری به صورت خوردن مداوم و اجباری می­تواند ناشی از احساسات ایجاد شده تحت تأثیر ارزیابی و ادراک فرد از روابط با والدین باشد. این مطالعه با هدف مقایسه اثربخشی درمان شناختی رفتاری و طرحواره درمانی بر سازگاری هیجانی و احساس تنهایی زنان مبتلا به اختلالپرخوری با ادراک طرد والدین انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش­ ها: این پژوهش، نیمه ­آزمایشی با طرح پیش ­آزمون- پس ­آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل بود جامعه آماری، افراد مبتلا به اختلال پرخوری بودند که در سال 1399 به مراکز تغذیه و رژیم درمانی شهر نایین مراجعه کرده بودند. تعداد 45 نفر انتخاب شدند و به پرسشنامه ادراک طرد والدین پاسخ دادند. سپس، در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل جایگزین شدند. ابزار سنجش، پرسشنامه ­های سازگاری هیجانی و احساس تنهایی بود. گروه­­ های درمان شناختی رفتاری و طرحواره درمانی 10جلسه (هفته ­ای یک جلسه 90 دقیقه ­ای) درمان را دریافت کردند. گروه کنترل درمانی دریافت نکرد. داده­ ها با آزمون تحلیل کواریانس دوطرفه با اندازه­گیری تکراری تجزیه و تحلیل شد.
یافته ها: تفاوت معنی­ داری بین طرحواره درمانی و رفتار درمانی شناختی با گروه کنترل در سازگاری هیجانی (63/60,F= 01/0,p≤ 59/0 Eta= ) و احساس تنهایی ( 03/16 , F=01/0 ,p≤26/0 Eta= ) وجود داشت. طرحواره درمانی بر سازگاری هیجانی و احساس تنهایی آزمودنی­ها اثربخش­تر بوده و در مرحله پیگیری اثر این درمان در مقایسه با درمان رفتاری شناختی پایدار بود (01/0p≤). 
نتیجه گیری: طرحواره درمانی به عنوان یک مداخله موثرتر برای زنان مبتلا به پرخوری با ادراک طرد والدین می­تواند سازگاری هیجانی و احساس تنهایی را بهبود بخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy versus Schema Therapy on Emotional Adjustment and Sense of Loneliness in Women with Binge Eating Disorder with Perception of Parental Rejection

نویسندگان [English]

  • P Borhani 1
  • Sh Khaleghipour 2
  • H Oreyzei 3
1 PhD Student, Dept of Psychology, Naein Branch, Islamic Azad University, Naein, Iran.
2 Associate Prof, Dept of Psychology, Naein Branch, Islamic Azad University, Naein, Iran.
3 Prof, Dept of Psychology, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Binge eating disorder (BED), manifested as persistent and compulsive eating, could be the result of affects created due to people's evaluation and perception of their relationships with their parents. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and schema therapy (ST) on emotional adjustment and the sense of loneliness in women with BED who perceived parental rejection.
Materials and Methods: This was a controlled semi-pilot study with a pretest-posttest-follow-up design. The statistical population comprised all individuals with BED visiting diet clinics in Naein, Iran (2020-2021). Using convenience sampling and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a sample of 45 was selected. The participants filled out the Emotional Adjustment Questionnaire (Rubio et al., 2007), the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russell and Pilva, 1980), and the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (Abdul Khaleque and Rohner, 2010). They were then randomly allocated to two experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups received CBT (one 90-minute session per week for 12 weeks) or ST (one 90-minute session per week for 12 weeks), while the control group received no treatment. The data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANCOVA.
Results: There was a significant difference between the ST and CBT groups, on the one hand, and the control group, on the other hand, in terms of emotional adjustment (Eta= 0.59, p≤ 0.01, F= 60.63) and the sense of loneliness (Eta= 0.26, p≤ 0.01, F=16.03). The ST was more effective in the emotional adjustment and the sense of loneliness of the participants with perceived parental rejection. On the follow-up, the effects of this intervention were more persistent than those of CBT (p≤ 0.01).
Conclusion: Based on these results, ST appears to be a more effective intervention for improving emotional adjustment and alleviating the sense of loneliness in women with BED and perceived parental rejection.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sense of loneliness
  • Binge eating disorder
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy
  • Emotional adjustment
  • Schema therapy

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