تجارب دبیران و مشاوران از پیامدهای روان‌شناختی عدم حضور دانش‌آموزان متوسطه دوم در مدرسه پس از کووید-19

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری پرستاری، گروه پرستاری، دانشکده علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه تربیت‌مدرس، تهران، ایران.

3 دکتری روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

10.22123/chj.2024.425476.2044

چکیده

مقدمه: دوره متوسطه دوران شکل‌گیری هویت مستقل دانش‌آموزان است. عدم حضور دانش‌آموزان متوسطه در مدرسه به دلایلی چون همه‌گیری کووید-19 می‌تواند پیامدهای روان‌شناختی گوناگونی برای آنان به دنبال داشته باشد. این پژوهش با هدف تبیین تجارب دبیران و مشاوران نسبت به پیامدهای روان‌شناختی عدم حضور دانش‌آموزان در مدرسه در دوران همه‌گیری کووید-19 بعد از بازگشت به مدرسه انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه کیفی با رویکرد پدیدارشناسی در سال 1402 انجام شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان ۲۱ نفر از دبیران و مشاوران مدارس متوسطه دوم استان مازندران بودند که به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند و مورد مصاحبه عمیق و نیمه ساختارمند قرار گرفتند. نمونه‌گیری تا رسیدن به اشباع داده‌ها ادامه یافت و با روش شش‌مرحله‌ای Van Manen تحلیل شد. برای دستیابی به صحت و پایایی داده‌ها از معیارهای Lincoln و Guba استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: از تحلیل داده‌ها شش مضمون اصلی عزت‌نفس پشت نقاب، تزلزل جایگاه مدرسه، تحت‌فشار قرارگرفتن در خانواده آسیب‌دیده، کاهش تاب‌آوری، بدون شور و شوق شدن و دوگانگی یادگیری مجازی و اجتماعی به دنبال 15 مضمون فرعی پدیدار شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌ها نشان داد که عدم حضور دانش‌آموزان مقطع متوسطه دوم در مدرسه و پیگیری آموزش از راه دور در طولانی‌مدت می‌تواند پیامدهای روان‌شناختی گسترده‌ای را برای دانش‌آموزان به دنبال داشته باشد. پیشنهاد می‌شود که نظام‌های آموزشی با در نظرگرفتن برنامه‌‌های مراقبتی، ترکیبی از آموزش حضوری و آموزش از راه دور را در برقراری دوره‌های آموزشی جهت کاهش عوارض روان‌شناختی در موقعیت‌های مشابه همه‌گیری کووید-19 در نظر بگیرند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Teachers’ and Counselors’ Experiences of the Psychological Consequences of High School Students’ Absenteeism after COVID-19

نویسندگان [English]

  • R Saadat Mehr 1
  • A karimian 2
  • M Abdullahzadeh 2
  • F Bakhshian 3
1 Ph.D. in Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
2 Ph.D. candidate in nursing, Dept. of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D. in Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The high school period is critical for students’ independent identity formation. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many high school students to miss school, which can have various psychological effects on them. This research aimed to explore the experiences of teachers and counselors about the psychological consequences of students’ absenteeism during the COVID-19 pandemic after resuming school.
Materials and Methods: This qualitative study used a phenomenological approach and was conducted in 2023. The participants were 21 teachers and counselors from the high schools of Mazandaran province, Iran, who were chosen by purposive sampling and interviewed in-depth and semi-structured. The sampling continued until data saturation was reached, and the data was analyzed using the six-step Van Manen method. The criteria of Lincoln and Guba were applied to ensure the trustworthiness and validity of the data.
Results: From the data analysis, six main themes emerged, followed by 15 sub-themes. The main themes were self-esteem behind the mask, weakening the school’s position, pressure in a damaged family, reduced resilience, loss of enthusiasm, and the virtual and social learning duality.
Conclusion: The findings indicated that high school students who missed school and followed distance education for a long time could face serious psychological problems. The study suggested that education systems adopt a blended face-to-face and distance education approach to provide care programs and prevent psychological complications in situations like the COVID-19 pandemic.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Psychological problems
  • Teacher-Student relations
  • Schools
  • Absenteeism
  • COVID-19

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سلامت جامعه
دوره 17، شماره 4
اردیبهشت 1403
صفحه 72-85

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