نگرش به ترس از زایمان طبیعی و ارتباط آن با سطح آگاهی در زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده به بیمارستان تأمین اجتماعی شهر زاهدان در سال 1393

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

2 ، دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

3 دانشکدة پرستاری و مامایی خمین، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، خمین، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: دلایل مختلفی برای انتخاب عمل سزارین وجود دارد که شایع­ترین آن ترس از انجام زایمان طبیعی است. در این تحقیق نگرش به ترس و ارتباط آن با سطح آگاهی در271 نفر از زنان باردار مراجعه­کننده به بیمارستان تأمین اجتماعی شهر زاهدان در سال 1393بررسی شده است.

مواد و روش­ ها: در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی، جامعه آماری، زنان باردار مراجعه­کننده به بیمارستان تأمین اجتماعی زاهدان در ماه­های مختلف بارداری (جهت مراقبت) بودند، که 271 نفر، طی 4 ماه در سال 1393 از طریق ابزار گردآوری داده­ها که
پرسشنامه­ای، محقق ساخته و ساختارمند شامل4 بخش ویژگی­های دموگرافیک، سوابق بارداری، سؤالات آگاهی­سنجی و نگرش نسبت به انواع ترس از زایمان طبیعی بود، را توسط پرسشگر تکمیل نمودند. تحلیل آماری داده ها  با استفاده از نرم افزار آماریSPSS  نسخه 17 از طریق آزمون­های مجذور کای، اسپیرمن و آنوا  انجام شد.

یافته­ ها: آگاهی به سزارین، به ترتیب در 64 نفر (6/23%) خوب،  81 نفر (9/29%)، متوسط و 126 نفر (5/46%) ضعیف و دیدگاه زنان درباره ترس زایمان طبیعی به صورت سه نگرش منفی 19 نفر (7%)، خنثی 277 نفر (1/80%) و 35 نفر ( 9/12%) مثبت بود. بر اساس آزمون­های آماری رابطه معنی­دار و مستقیمی بین سطح آگاهی و نگرش به ترس وجود داشت (000/0 =p) ( 0193/=r). ترس از درد زایمان در بین 76 نفر (28%) بیشترین و ترس از برخورد نامناسب پرسنل در60 نفر (02/24%) کمترین اهمیت را داشت. بین شغل، میزان تحصیلات، سابقه بارداری و مشاوره قبل از بارداری با ترس ارتباط معنی­دار وجود داشت(05/0>p).

نتیجه ­گیری: با توجه به ارتباط معنی­دار، سطح آگاهی درباره روش سزارین با نگرش نسبت به ترس از زایمان طبیعی، می­توان با آموزش­های صحیح زنان باردار، سطح آگاهی درباره روش­های ختم بارداری را افزایش  داد. همچنین باید با ایجاد نگرش صحیح درباره زایمان طبیعی از طریق، زایمان بدون درد، یا روش­های دیگر در ارجحیت روش زایمان طبیعی و ترویج آن کوشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Attitude towards Fear of Vaginal Delivery and its Relationship with Awareness Level of the Pregnant Women Admitted to Social Security Hospital of Zahedan in the Year 2014

نویسندگان [English]

  • N Naeimi 1
  • K Zare 2
  • A Salehi 3
2 Science and Research branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Khomain Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: There are several reasons for choosing caesarean section among them the fear of vaginal delivery. In this study, attitudes towards fear of vaginal delivery and its relation to the awareness level of pregnant women was investigated.

Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 271 pregnant women referring to the social Security Hospital of Zahedan were studied.  During 4 months in 2014 the women completed a researcher-made questionnaire, consisting of 4 parts: demographic information, history of pregnancy, questions about subjects’ level of awareness, and attitudes about fear of vaginal delivery. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was determined by test-retest. To analyze the obtained data, Chi-square, Spearman, and ANOVA was used through applying SPSS V: 17 software.

Results: The level of awareness about cesarean section was in 64 cases (23/6%) good, 81 (29/9%) average and 126 (46/5%) poor. On the other hand, the women's perceptions about the fear of vaginal delivery in 19 patients (7%) Neutral, 277 (80/1%) and 35% (12/9%) were positive. According to statistical analysis there was a significant positive relationship between the level of awareness to Caesarean section and attitude towards fear (P=0/000)(r=0/193). Fear of labor pain in 76 (28%) was considered to be the most important reason and fear of the personnel’s inappropriate behavior in 60 women (24/02%) was the least important reason. Additionally, age, level of education, history of pregnancy, and consultation before pregnancy were significantly correlated with fear (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Based on the significant relationship between the levels of awareness about Caesarean section and attitudes towards fear of vaginal delivery, with appropriate education the awareness level of pregnant women, about methods of pregnancy termination could be increased. Also, with implementing the right attitudes towards vaginal delivery through painless methods we could promote the vaginal delivery.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • awareness
  • Attitude
  • Fear of Vaginal Delivery
  • Zahedan

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