اثربخشی آموزش شوخ‏ طبعی مبتنی بر مدل مک‏گی بر مؤلفه‏ های اضطراب و کارکرد خانواده در زنان متأهل مراجعه‏ کننده به خانه‏ های سلامت شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده روان‏شناسی و علوم‏تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات خمین، اصفهان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده روان‏شناسی و علوم‏تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات خمین، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: احتمال ابتلا به اضطراب در زنان بیش از مردان است و کارکرد خانواده به ‏شدت تحت تأثیر آن قرار می‏گیرد. آموزش حس شوخ‏طبعی برای موارد آموزشی و کلنیکی کاربرد داشته و به اثبات رسیده است، اما استفاده از آن برای بهبود کارکرد خانواده در زنان مورد غفلت بوده است. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین اثربخشی آموزش حس شوخ‏طبعی مبتنی بر مدل مک‏گی بر اضطراب و کارکرد خانواده در زنان متأهل انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه از نوع کارآزمایی آموزشی با پیش­آزمون، پس­آزمون و گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی زنان متأهل مراجعه‏کننده به خانه‏های سلامت شهر تهران طی سال 1398 بود. با روش تصادفی ساده تعداد 50 نفر انتخاب و در گروه­های مداخله (25 نفر) و کنترل (25 نفر) قرار گرفتند و مقیاس کارکرد خانواده (بلوم، 1985) و مقیاس اضطراب (کتل، 1973) را تکمیل کردند. در گروه مداخله، آموزش حس شوخ‏طبعی در 8 جلسه به­صورت هفته­ای 1 جلسه و هر جلسه به‌مدت 1 ساعت اجرا گردید و پس از آن، پس­آزمون گرفته شد. داده­ها با روش‏های آزمون‏های t مستقل و زوجی و تحلیل کواریانس چندمتغیری تحلیل شد. 
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که آموزش حس شوخ‏طبعی مبتنی بر مدل مک‏گی بر کاهش اضطراب کل و مؤلفه‏های آن شامل اضطراب مرضی و اضطراب پنهان آزمودنی‏های گروه مداخله تأثیر مثبت و معنی­داری داشته است (05/0>p). همچنین، آموزش حس شوخ‏طبعی موجب افزایش میانگین نمرات کارکرد خانواده در آزمودنی‏های گروه مداخله در مرحله پس‏آزمون شد (05/0>p).
نتیجه‌گیری: آموزش حس شوخ‏طبعی بر کاهش اضطراب و بهبود کارکرد خانواده زنان متأهل مؤثر است. لذا در نظر گرفتن آموزش حس شوخ‏طبعی در برنامه‏ریزی‏های پیشگیری از مشکلات سلامت روان و بهبود کارکرد خانواده ضروری به‏ نظر می‏رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Humor Training based on the McGhee Model on Anxiety Dimensions and Family Functioning in Married Women Referring to Health Centers in Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • S Abasi 1
  • M Abdi 2
  • H Heidari 2
1 MSc, Dept of Consulting, Islamic Azad University, Khomain Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Assistant Prof, Dept of Consulting, Islamic Azad University, Khomain Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Women are more likely to develop anxiety than men, and this strongly affects family functioning. Humor training has been applied to educational and clinical cases and has been found to be effective. However, there is litter research on the use of humor training to improve family functioning in women.Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of humor training on anxiety and family functioning in married women.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed in the form of an educational trial with pre-test, post-test, and the control group. The researchpopulation included all married women referring to health centers in Tehran in 2019. Using simple random sampling, 50 womenwere selected and divided into experimental (25 persons) and control (25 persons) groups and completed the Family Functioning Scale (Bloom, 1985) and the Anxiety Scale (Cattell, 1973). In the experimental group, sense of humor training was performed in 8 sessions, 1 session per week and each session for 1 hour. At the end of the training, the post-test was taken from the participants in the two groups. The data collected from the pre-test and post-testwere analyzed using independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).
Results:The results showed that the training of sense of humor had a positive and significant effect on reducing total anxiety and its dimensions including morbid anxiety and hidden anxiety in the experimental group (p<0.05). Also, the training of sense of humor increased the mean scores of family functioning in the intervention group in the post-test phase (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Overall, the findings showed that training a sense of humor is effective in reducing anxiety and improving the family functioning of married women. Therefore, it seems necessary to consider the training of sense of humor in the planning of the prevention of mental health problems and the improvement of the family functioning.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Humor training
  • anxiety
  • family functioning
  • married women
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