تأثیر آموزش روان‌شناختی همراه با آرام‌سازی پیشرونده عضلانی بر افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس بیماران دیابتی تیپ 2

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه پرستاری داخلی و جراحی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی رفسنجان، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، رفسنجان ، ایران.

2 مربی، گروه روان پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان ، رفسنجان ، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه داخلی، دانشکده پزشکی، مرکز آموزشی و درمانی علی بن ابیطالب (ع)دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان ، ایران.

4 استادیار، گروه روان پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، رفسنجان ، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: دیابت یکی از شایع‌ترین بیماری‌ها در دنیا می‌باشد. از طرفی، استرس، اضطراب وافسردگی جزء عوامل تشدیدکننده بیماری دیابت هستند. با توجه به عوارض روانی ناشی از دیابت و اهمیتی که آموزش برای مقابله با این عوارض دارد تحقیق حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر آموزش روان‌شناختی همراه با آرام‌سازی پیشرونده عضلانی بر افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس بیماران دیابتی تیپ 2 انجام شد.
مواد و روش­ ها: در این کارآزمایی آموزشی شاهددار، 60 بیمار مبتلا به دیابت نوع 2 به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی سیستماتیک وارد مطالعه شدند و سپس به صورت کاملاً تصادفی به دو گروه مساوی آزمون و شاهد تقسیم شدند. برای گروه آزمون، 12 جلسه آموزش روان‌شناختی همراه با تکنیک آرام‌سازی پیشرونده عضلانی هر هفته دو جلسه انجام شد و برای گروه شاهد مداخله‌ای صورت نگرفت. اطلاعات با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه (دموگرافیک، اطلاعات مربوط به بیماری) و پرسش‌نامه DASS21 جمع‌آوری گردید و از آزمون‌های مجذور کای, فیشر، تی مستقل و آنالیز واریانس دو طرفه با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر برای تجزیه و تحلیل استفاده شد.
یافته ­ها: بین میانگین نمرات استرس، اضطراب و افسردگی قبل، بلافاصله و پیگیری سه ماه گروه آزمون تفاوت معنی‌دار آماری وجود داشت (05/0>p) ولی در گروه شاهد تفاوت معنی‌دار آماری دیده نشد.
نتیجه ­گیری: مداخله آموزشی روان‌شناختی به همراه تکنیک آرام‌سازی پیشرونده عضلانی می­تواند موجب بهبود استرس، اضطراب و افسردگی شود. از این رو، نتیجه پژوهش، حمایتی تجربی برای درمان در جهت بهبود استرس، اضطراب و افسردگی را فراهم می­نماید. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Psychological Training with Progressive Muscle Relaxation on the Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Diabetes Type 2 Patients

نویسندگان [English]

  • A Mirmahdi 1
  • A Ansari Jaberi 2
  • MR Shafiepour 3
  • AH Sayadi 4
1 MSc Student, Dept of Internal and Surgical Nursing, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rafsanjan, Iran.
2 Instructor, Dept of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof, Dept of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ali Ibn Abi Taleb Educational and Treatment Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
4 Assistant Prof, Dept of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction:  Diabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world. On the other hand, stress, anxiety, and depression are exacerbated by diabetes. Given psychological complications of diabetes, together with the education importance concerning the tactics to cope with, the present study aims to determine the effect of psychological training with progressive muscle relaxation on stress, anxiety, and depression in Diabetes Type 2 patients.
 Materials and Methods: In this study, the educational trial control group included 60 patients with Diabetes Type 2 who were affiliated with the Diabetes Clinic of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. They were selected based on systematic random sampling from the records in the clinic and then divided randomly into two groups of intervention and control (30 in each). For the former, 12 sessions of psychological training with a progressive muscle relaxation technique were held, two sessions each weeks, and no intervention was performed for the latter. Data were collected using demographic (disease information) and DASS21 questionnaires. Data were analysed using Chi-square, Fisher's, Independent t-test, and Two-way ANOVA with Repeated Measurements before, immediately after, and three months follow-up.
Results:Results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of stress, anxiety, and depression before, immediately after, and three months follow-up in the experimental group (p<0.050); however, no significant difference was found in the control group (p>0.050).
Conclusion:  Psychological training intervention with a progressive muscle relaxation technique can improve depression, anxiety, and stress. Thus, the results of the study provide empirical support for the treatment in order to improve anxiety, depression, and stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Psychological education
  • Progressive muscle relaxation
  • Mental health
  • Diabetes
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