سلامت جامعه

سلامت جامعه

اثربخشی درمان شناختی-رفتاری بر اضطراب کودکان در خانوادههای بازساختاریافته

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
مریم بهرامی 1
فلور خیاطان 2
هادی فرهادی 3
اصغر آقایی 4
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه روان‌شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران. (نویسنده مسئول)
3 استادیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران.
4 استاد، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران.
10.22123/chj.2020.212035.1400
چکیده
مقدمه: تداوم مشکلات کودکان در خانواده­های بازساختاریافته می‌تواند اختلالات اضطرابی این کودکان را به شدت افزایش دهد و بر زندگی آنها اثرات پایداری داشته باشد. پژوهش حاضر قصد دارد تا اثربخشی درمان شناختی-رفتاری را بر اضطراب کودکان خانواده­های بازساختاریافته بررسی نماید.
مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش از نوع نیمه­تجربی (طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون، پیگیری با گروه کنترل) بود. حجم نمونه شامل 20 کودک بود که به صورت هدفمند از میان واجدین شرایط ورود به پژوهش در شهرستان شهرضا در سال 1398، انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در گروه­های آزمایش (10 کودک) و کنترل (10 کودک) جایگزین شدند. گروه آزمایش، تحت درمان شناختی-رفتاری کودکان ۷ تا ۱۴ سال بر اساس دستورالعمل سیلر قرار گرفتند که در 10 جلسه‌ 45 تا 60 دقیقه‌ای برگزار شد. داده‌ها توسط پرسشنامه ‌آخنباخ (فرم والدین) جمع‌آوری شد. از میانگین، انحراف معیار و آزمون تحلیل واریانس با اندازه­گیری مکرر برای گزارش نتایج استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: میانگین نمره اضطراب در گروه درمان شناختی-رفتاری در پس‌آزمون (90/14) و پیگیری (20/14) نسبت به پیش‌آزمون (90/18) کاهش یافت، اما در گروه کنترل تفاوت محسوسی مشاهده نشد (پیش­آزمون:01/19، پس­آزمون:60/18 و پیگیری: 20/18). میانگین نمره ­اضطراب در کودکان گروه آزمایش در مقایسه با گروه کنترل (739/5= F)، اختلاف معنی­داری داشت (001/0=p).
نتیجه‌گیری: درمان شناختی-رفتاری می­تواند برای کاهش اضطراب در کودکان خانواده‌های بازساختاریافته استفاده گردد. به درمانگران توصیه می‌شود در جلسات درمانی از درمان شناختی-رفتاری برای درمان اختلالات اضطرابی کودکان استفاده نمایند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اضطراب
خانواده‌های بازساختاریافته
درمان شناختی-رفتاری
کودکان

عنوان مقاله English

The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Children's Anxiety in Restructured Families

نویسندگان English

M Bahrami 1
F Khayatan 2
H Farhadi 3
A Aghaei 4
1 Ph.D Student, Dept of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Islamic Azad University Isfahan,Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Assistant prof, Dept of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Islamic Azad University Isfahan, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran.
3 Assistant prof, Dept of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Islamic Azad University Isfahan, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran.
4 Prof, Dept of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Islamic Azad University Isfahan, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction:Failure to resolve children's problems in restructured families can dramatically increase anxiety disorders in these children and have a lasting impact on the child's life. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on children’s anxiety in restructured families.
Materials and Methods: This research was of a quasi-experimental (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with the control group). The sample size consisted of 20 children in Shahreza city in 2019, who were selected using purposeful sampling among eligible children; they were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental (10 children) and control (10 children). The children in the experimental group received cognitive-behavioral therapy for children of 7 to 14 years old according to the instruction of Seiler (2008), which was held in 10 sessions of 45 to 60 minutes. The Achenbach questionnaire (parental form) was used to collect data. The data were reported in two descriptive and inferential sections. Mean and standard deviation were used in the descriptive part, and repeated measures analysis of variance was used in the inferential section.
Results: The results showed that the mean score of anxiety in children in the experimental group was significantly different from the control, and the cognitive-behavioral intervention was effective (p=0/001).
Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, cognitive-behavioral therapy can be used to reduce children's anxiety in restructured families. Therefore, therapists are advised to use it in the treatment of anxiety disorders among children in structured families.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Anxiety
Restructured families
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Children
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