اثربخشی آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی بر سرزندگی، بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و فشارخون زنان مبتلا به بیماری‌های قلبی عروقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: زنان مبتلا به بیماری‌های قلبی عروقی با مشکلات فراوانی مواجه هستند و یکی از روش‌های مؤثر در بهبود ویژگی‌های آن‌ها، آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی است. بنابراین، هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین اثربخشی آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی بر سرزندگی، بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و فشارخون زنان مبتلا به بیماری‌های قلبی عروقی بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه پژوهش زنان مبتلا به بیماری‌های قلبی عروقی مراجعه‌کننده به بیمارستان قلب و عروق شهید رجایی تهران در سال 1398 بودند. نمونه پژوهش 40 نفر بودند که با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و با روش تصادفی در دو گروه مساوی جایگزین شدند. گروه آزمایش 8 جلسه 70 دقیقه‌ای، آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی دریافت کردند و گروه کنترل آموزشی ندید. داده‌ها با پرسشنامه‌های سرزندگی و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و دستگاه فشارخون جمع‌آوری و با آزمون‌های مجذور کای، t مستقل، آنالیز واریانس دوطرفه با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: گروه‌ها در مرحله پیش‌آزمون از نظر سرزندگی، بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و فشارخون تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشتند، اما در مراحل پس‌آزمون و پیگیری از نظر هر چهار متغیر تفاوت معنی‌دار بود (001/0>p). آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی باعث افزایش سرزندگی (015/0>p، 510/6=F)، بهزیستی روان‌شناختی (001/0>p، 893/12=F) و کاهش فشارخون سیستولیک (010/0>p، 258/7=F) و دیاستولیک (036/0>,p 751/4=F) گردید و نتایج درمان در مرحله پیگیری حفظ شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان‌دهنده اثربخشی آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی بر بهبود سرزندگی، بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و فشارخون بود. توصیه می‌گردد روانشناسان و درمانگران از آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی در کنار سایر روش‌های درمانی برای بهبود سرزندگی، بهزیستی روان‌شناختی و فشارخون مبتلایان به بیماری‌های قلبی عروقی استفاده نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training on Vitality, Psychological Well-being, and Blood Pressure in Women with Cardiovascular Disease

نویسندگان [English]

  • R Ranjbaran 1
  • M Aliakbari Dehkordi 2
  • M Saffarinia 2
  • A Alipour 2
1 Ph.D. Student, Dept of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Prof, Dept of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Women with cardiovascular diseases have many problems, and one of the effective methods in improving their conditions is mindfulness training. Therefore, the present research aims to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness training on vitality, psychological well-being, and blood pressure in women with cardiovascular diseases.
Materials and Methods: This study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest follow-up design with the control group. The research population consisted of women with cardiovascular diseases referred to Shahid Rajaie Hospital of Tehran in 2019. The research sample was 40 people selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly distributed into two groups. The experimental group received eight face-to-face 70-minutes sessions of mindfulness training, and the control group did not receive any training. Data were collected using questionnaires of vitality and psychological well-being, besides blood pressure device. They were then analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures, together with Chi-square, independent t, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.
Results: The results showed no significant difference in terms of vitality, psychological well-being, and blood pressure (p>0.565) in the pretest; however, in the posttest and follow-up stages, there was a significant difference in terms of all variables (p < 0.001). This means that mindfulness training increased vitality (F=6.510, p < 0.015) and psychological well-being (F=12.893, p < 0.001) and decreased systolic (F=7.258, p < 0.010) and diastolic (F=4.751, p < 0.036) blood pressure in women with cardiovascular diseases, and the treatment results were maintained in the follow-up stage.
Conclusion: The results indicated the effectiveness of mindfulness training on vitality, psychological well-being, and blood pressure. Therefore, psychologists and therapists are advised to use mindfulness training, besides other educational and therapeutic methods, to improve the vitality, psychological well-being, and blood pressure in patients with cardiovascular diseases.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mindfulness
  • Vitality
  • Well-being
  • Blood pressure
  • Cardiovascular Diseases

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