اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر شفقت بر راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان، نگرش‌های ناکارآمد و تاب‌آوری در زنان مبتلا به افسردگی اساسی شهر ساری در سال 1398

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی عمومی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه روانشناسی عمومی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی عمومی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال افسردگی اساسی از رایج­ترین اختلالات روان‌شناختی است که با متأثر ساختن عملکرد فرد، عوارض منفی متعددی را به دنبال دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر شفقت بر راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان، نگرش­های ناکارآمد و تاب­آوری در زنان مبتلا به افسردگی اساسی انجام شد.
مواد و روش ­ها: اﻳﻦ مطالعه از ﻧﻮع نیمه­تجربی است. جامعه آماری شامل زنان مبتلا به افسردگی اساسی مراجعه­کننده به مراکز مشاوره و خدمات روان‌شناختی شهر ساری در سال 1398 بود که بر اساس معیارهای ورود، تعداد 30 نفر انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در گروه آزمایش (15 نفر) و گروه کنترل (15 نفر) قرار گرفتند. 8 جلسه آموزش درمان مبتنی بر شفقت توسط پژوهشگر آموزش­دیده برای گروه آزمایش برگزار گردید. برای گروه کنترل مداخله­ای انجام نشد. داده­ها توسط پرسشنامه­های راهبردهای تنظیم شناختی هیجان، مقیاس نگرش­های ناکارآمد و پرسشنامه تاب­آوری جمع­آوری و با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس آمیخته همراه با اندازه­گیری مکرر تحلیل شدند.
یافته ­ها: نتایج نشان داد که درمان مبتنی بر شفقت در افزایش راهبردهای تنظیم هیجان سازگارانه و تاب­آوری و کاهش نگرش­های ناکارآمد در زنان مبتلا به افسردگی اساسی اثربخشی معنی­دار دارد (001/0p<).
نتیجه­ گیری: طبق نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه، راهبردهای تنظیم هیجان، نگرش­های ناکارآمد و تاب­آوری در افراد مبتلا به افسردگی اساسی از طریق درمان مبتنی بر شفقت قابل اصلاح است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy on Emotional Regulation Strategies, Dysfunctional Attitudes, and Resilience in Women with Major Depression

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Sahebi 1
  • R Hassanzadeh 2
  • B Mirzaian 3
1 PhD Student, Dept of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
2 Prof, Dept of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof, Dept of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Major depressive disorder is one of the most common psychological disorders that affect a person's performance, leading to several negative side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on emotional regulation strategies, dysfunctional attitudes, and resilience in women with major depression.
Materials and Methods: This study was semi-experimental. The statistical population included people with major depression referred to counseling and psychological services centers in Sari. They were selected by purposeful sampling and were randomly assigned to the experimental group (15 people) and the control group (15 people). Eight sessions of compassion-focused therapy were performed for the experimental group, and no intervention was performed for the control group. Data collection tools included the Emotional Regulation Strategies questionnaire (CERQ), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Data were analyzed using a mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures.
Results: The results showed that compassion-based therapy has a significant effect on increasing adaptive emotional regulation strategies and resilience and reducing dysfunctional attitudes in women with major depression (p<001).
Conclusion: According to the results, emotional regulation strategies, dysfunctional attitudes, and resilience can be corrected in women with major depression through compassion-focused therapy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Emotion regulation
  • Depression
  • Compassion-focused therapy
  • Resilience
  • Dysfunctional attitudes

مراجع

  1. Bianchi R, Schonfeld IS, Laurent E. Burnout–depression overlap: A review. Clinical psychology review 2015;36:28-41.
  2. Rock PL, Roiser JP, Riedel WJ, Blackwell AD. Cognitive impairment in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological medicine 2014;44(10):2029-40.
  3. Moyneur E, Dea K, Derogatis LR, Vekeman F, Dury AY, Labrie F. Prevalence of depression and anxiety in women newly diagnosed with vulvovaginal atrophy and dyspareunia. Menopause 2020;27(2):134-42.
  4. Sin NL, DiMatteo MR. Depression treatment enhances adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a meta-analysis. Annals of Behavioral Medicine 2014;47(3):259-69.
  5. Tamminen KA, Neely KC. We’re in this together: Dyadic and interpersonal aspects of emotions, coping, and emotion regulation in sport. 3nd ed. British: Routledge; 1996: 78-94
  6. Etkin A, Büchel C, Gross JJ. The neural bases of emotion regulation. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2015;16(11):693-700.
  7. Khazraee H, Omidi A, Kakhki RD, Zanjani Z, Sehat M. Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy in cognitive emotion regulation strategies, headache-related disability, and headache intensity in patients with chronic daily headache. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 2018;20(1). [Persian] 
  8. Spidel A, Lecomte T, Kealy D, Daigneault I. Acceptance and commitment therapy for psychosis and trauma: Improvement in psychiatric symptoms, emotion regulation, and treatment compliance following a brief group intervention. Psychology and Psychotherapy 2018;91(2):248-61.
  9. Quoidbach J, Mikolajczak M, Gross JJ. Positive interventions: An emotion regulation perspective. Psychological bulletin 2015;141(3):655.
  10. Beck AT, Grant PM, Huh GA, Perivoliotis D, Chang NA. Dysfunctional attitudes and expectancies in deficit syndrome schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2013;39(1):43-51.
  11. Brouwer ME, Williams AD, Forand NR, DeRubeis RJ, Bockting CL. Dysfunctional attitudes or extreme response style as predictors of depressive relapse and recurrence after mobile cognitive therapy for recurrent depression. Affective Disorders 2019;243:48-54.
  12. Lincoln TM, Hohenhaus F, Hartmann M. Can paranoid thoughts be reduced by targeting negative emotions and self-esteem? An experimental investigation of a brief compassion-focused intervention. COTR 2013;37(2):390-402.
  13. Lowens I. Compassion focused therapy for people with bipolar disorder. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy 2010;3(2):172-85.
  14. Meiser S, Esser G. How dysfunctional are dysfunctional attitudes? A threshold model of dysfunctional attitudes and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. COTR 2017;41(5):730-44.
  15. Fuhr K, Reitenbach I, Kraemer J, Hautzinger M, Meyer TD. Attachment, dysfunctional attitudes, self-esteem, and association to depressive symptoms in patients with mood disorders. Journal of Affective Disorders 2017;212:110-6.
  16. Fang Y, Scott L, Song P, Burmeister M, Sen S. Genomic prediction of depression risk and resilience under stress. Nature Human Behaviour 2020;4(1):111-8.
  17. Maree K, editor. Psychology of career adaptability, employability and resilience. 2nd ed. German: Springer 2017: 136-140.
  18. Wackerhagen C, Veer IM, Erk S, Mohnke S, Lett TA, Wüstenberg T, et al. Amygdala functional connectivity in major depression–disentangling markers of pathology, risk and resilience. Psychological medicine 2019:1-11.
  19. Sarkar M, Fletcher D. Psychological resilience in sport performers: a review of stressors and protective factors. Journal of sports sciences 2014;32(15):1419-34.
  20. Allan JF, McKenna J, Dominey S. Degrees of resilience: profiling psychological resilience and prospective academic achievement in university inductees. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling 2013;42(1):9-25.
  21. Braehler C, Gumley A, Harper J, Wallace S, Norrie J, Gilbert P. Exploring change processes in compassion focused therapy in psychosis: Results of a feasibility randomized controlled trial. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 2012;52(2):199-214.
  22. Trompetter HR, de Kleine E, Bohlmeijer ET. Why does positive mental health buffer against psychopathology? An exploratory study on self-compassion as a resilience mechanism and adaptive emotion regulation strategy. COTR 2017;41(3):459-68.
  23. Warren R, Smeets E, Neff K. Self-criticism and self-compassion: risk and resilience: being compassionate to oneself is associated with emotional resilience and psychological well-being. Current Psychiatry 2016;15(12):18-28.
  24. Baker DA, Caswell HL, Eccles FJ. Self-compassion and depression, anxiety, and resilience in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior 2019;90(2):154-61.
  25. Frostadottir AD, Dorjee D. Effects of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) on Symptom Change, Mindfulness, Self-Compassion and Rumination in Clients with Depression, Anxiety and Stress. Frontiers in psychology 2019;10(5):1099.
  26. Shafiei M, Sadeghi M, Mohammadi G. The effects training of Self-Compassion on dysfunctional attitudes and cognitive distortions in the divorcees poor. CPAP 2019;16(2):65-74. [Persian]
  27. Machin D, Campbell MJ, Tan SB, Tan SH. Sample size tables for clinical studies. 4nd ed. American: John Wiley & Sons; 2011: 361-9.
  28. Garnefski N, Kraaij V. The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. EJPA 2007;23(3):141-9.
  29. Hasani J. The psychometric properties of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ). JCP 2010; 2(3):73-84. [Persian]
  30. Weissman A, Beck AT. Development and validation of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale Paper presented at the annual convention of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy. 4nd ed. American: Chicago; 1978: 95-111
  31. Ebrahimi A, Neshatdoust H, Kalantari M, Moulavi H, Ghbanali A. Contributions of dysfunctional attitude scale and general health subscales to prediction and odds ratio of depression. JSKUMS 2008;9(4):40–44. [Persian].
  32. Connor KM, Davidson JR. Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor‐Davidson resilience scale (CD‐RISC). Depression and anxiety 2003;18(2):76-82.
  33. Keihani M, Taghvaei D, Rajabi A, Amirpour B. Internal conformity and confirmatory factor analysis of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale in nursing female students. International Journal of Medical Education 2014; 14(10): 857-864. [Persian]
  34. Hayes SC. The roots of Compassion. keynote speech delivered at the International ACT Conference, Chicago, 2007.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار