ویژگی‌های همه‌گیر شناسی و بالینی باورهای وسواسی و اختلال وسواسی-اجباری در دانش‌آموزان 17-8 سالۀ شهر کرمانشاه، سال 1394

نویسندگان

1 مربی، گروه روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران. (نویسندۀ مسئول)

2 باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال وسواسی-اجباری (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) کودکان یک اختلال روانی-عصبی مزمن و ناتوان‌کننده است که با اختلال قابل توجهی در عملکرد روانی-اجتماعی همراه است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی ویژگی‌های همه‌گیرشناسی و بالینی باورهای وسواسی و OCD در دانش‌آموزان 17-8 سالۀ شهرکرمانشاه بود.

مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش از نوع مقطعی می‌باشد. جامعۀ آماری شامل کلیۀ دانش‌آموزان 17-8 سالۀ شهرکرمانشاه، سال 1394 در مقاطع ابتدایی و متوسطۀ اول بود. با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای، 762 نفر انتخاب و پرسشنامه‌های متغیرهای جمعیت‌شناختی، باورهای وسواسی (OBQ-CV)، و اختلال وسواسی/ اجباری (OCI-CV) تکمیل گردیدند. داده‌ها با روش‌های آمار توصیفی، ضریب همبستگی، آزمون مجذور کای و رگرسیون لُجستیک تحلیل شد.

یافته‌ها: میزان شیوع OCD همراه با OB در کل نمونه 80/16%، در دانش‌آموزان دورۀ متوسطۀ اول 19% و ابتدایی 50/14% بود. میزان شیوع در پسران بیشتر از دختران(041/0=p)، و در دورۀ متوسطۀ اول بیشتر از ابتدایی بود (036/0=p). همبستگی بین OB و OCD از نظر آماری معنی‌دار بود(05/0>p). بین زیرمقیاس‌های OB، بیش‌برآورد تهدید، شایع‌ترین و اهمیت/کنترل فکر، کم‌ترین شیوع اما بین زیرمقیاس‌های OCD، افکار وسواسی، شایع‌ترین و خنثی‌سازی، کم‌ترین شیوع را داشت. بین همۀ عوامل جمعیت‌شناختی، به‌جز نوع تولد رابطۀ معنی‌داری با شیوع OB و OCD وجود داشت(05/0>p).

نتیجه‌گیری: شیوع OB و OCD در دانش‌آموزان شهرکرمانشاه در مقایسه با سایر پژوهش‌های انجام گرفته در داخل و خارج از کشور قابل ملاحظه است (80/16%). با این وجود، لزوم سیاست‌گذاری‌های سلامت ‌روان در دانش‌آموزان برای کاهش بار آسیب در آینده و ارایۀ راه‌کارهای برون‌ رفت از این مسئله به قوت خود باقی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Obsessive Beliefs and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in 8-17 Year old Students at Kermanshah City in 2015

نویسندگان [English]

  • N Heidarizadeh 1
  • B Behrouz 2
1 Lecturer, Dept. of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Payame Noor, Tehran, Iran.
2 Young Researchers and Elite Club, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children is a neuropsychiatric condition that is associated with considerable psychosocial impairment. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of obsessive beliefs and obsessive-compulsive disorder in 8-17 year old students in kermanshah city.

Material and Methods: The statistical population for this cross-sectional study included all the primary and first grade high school students (8-17 years old) in Kermanshah city in 2015. through multi-stage cluster sampling, 762 patients were selected. Demographic information and OBQ-CV and OCI-CV questioners were completed for each one of them. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, chi-square test and logistic regression.

Results: The Results showed that prevalence of OCD and OB in the total sample was %16.80, and in the guidance school students was %19 and for the primary school students it was %14.50. The prevalence was higher in boys versus girls (p=0.041), and in the guidance school students was higher than the primary students (p=0.036). The correlation between OB and OCD was statistically significant (p<0.05); Also, the results showed that in the subscales of OB, overestimation threat was the highest and Importance/thought control was the lowest prevalence. But between the subscales of OCD, Obsession was the highest and Neutralizing had the lowest prevalence. All the demographic factors, except the type of birth had a significant relationship with the prevalence of OB and OCD (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The Prevalence of OB and OCD in the students of Kermanshah city was significant in comparison with the other studies conducted within and outside the country. However, attention should be paid to mental health policy-making in students to decrease the behavioral problems and prevent future problems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Obsessive Beliefs
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder
  • Students
  • Kermanshah City

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