اثربخشی مداخله یکپارچه نگر در ناامیدی و بد تنظیمی هیجانی به عنوان تعیین‌کننده گرایش به خودکشی نوجوانان و جوانان شهر ایلام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده روانشناسی، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم انسانی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه آمار زیستی، مرکز تحقیقات پیشگیری از آسیب‌های روانی- اجتماعی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: ناامیدی و بدتنظیمی هیجانی از مهم‌ترین عوامل گرایش به خودکشی بوده که امروزه اکثر جوامع با آن مواجه هستند. از این رو، طراحی بسته آموزشی جهت کاهش گرایش به خودکشی حائز اهمیت است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی مداخله یکپارچه­نگر در کاهش ناامیدی و بدتنظیمی هیجانی به عنوان تعیین‌کننده گرایش به خودکشی نوجوانان و جوانان انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه از نوع کارآزمایی آموزشی می‌باشد. در یک طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل، 40 نفر از نوجوانان و جوانان 15 تا 24 ساله شهر ایلام در سال 1397 به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای تصادفی انتخاب شدند. پرسشنامه‌های نگرش به خودکشی، ناامیدی و نظم­جویی شناختی هیجان توسط آنها در پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون تکمیل شد. گروه آزمایش مورد مداخله قرار گرفت و گروه کنترل مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. داده‌ها با روش تحلیل کواریانس چندمتغیری تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: آزمون تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیری نشان داد تفاوت معنی­داری در نمرات دو گروه وجود دارد داد (001/0p=). در متغیرهای ناامیدی (013/0>p)، ملامت خود (003/0=p)، نشخوارگری (031/0=p)، فاجعه­سازی (016/0=p)، ملامت دیگران (001/0=p)، تمرکز مجدد مثبت (005/0=p)، تمرکز مجدد برنامه‌ریزی (003/0=p) و ارزیابی مجدد مثبت (019/0=p) تفاوت معنی‌داری بین دو گروه مشاهده شد. در متغیرهای پذیرش (368/0=p) و دیدگاه گیری (730/0=p) تفاوت معنی‌دار نبود.
نتیجه‌گیری: آموزش مهارت‌های مبتنی بر رویکرد یکپارچه­‌نگری در کاهش ناامیدی و بدتنظیمی هیجانی نوجوانان و جوانانی که گرایش به خودکشی داشته‌اند، مؤثر بود. آموزش برنامه‌هایی از قبیل حل‌مسئله، تنظیم هیجان و ذهن آگاهی به روانشناسان، والدین، نوجوانان، متخصصان حوزه سلامت و آسیب‌شناسی اجتماعی می­تواند جهت کاهش و جلوگیری از خودکشی نوجوانان اثربخش باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Integrative Intervention in Frustration and Emotion Dysregulation as the Determinants of Suicidal Tendencies among Youths and Adolescents in Ilam

نویسندگان [English]

  • H Solimannejad 1
  • H Poursharifih 2
  • J Mohammadzadeh 3
  • K Sayehmiri 4
1 Ph.D Student. Dept of Humanistic Science, Faculty of Humane Science, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran.
2 Associate Prof, Dept of Psychology and Educational Science, Faculty of psychology in University of social welfare and rehabilitation sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Prof. Dept of Humanistic Science, Faculty of Humane Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
4 Associate Prof. Dept of Medical Science, Faculty of school of medicine psychosocial injuries research center, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Frustration and emotion dysregulation have been among the most factors contributing to suicidal tendencies faced currently by societies.  Therefore, developing a training program to decrease such tendencies seems necessary. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an integrative intervention in decreasing frustration and emotion dysregulation as determinants of suicidal tendencies among adolescents and young people.
Materials and Methods: The present study is an experimental trial with a pretest-posttest design and control group and was conducted on 40 adolescents and young persons aged 15-25 who were selected through the random cluster sampling in 2018-19 in Ilam. All of the participants completed the Suicide Attitude Questionnaire, Children's Health Locus of Control Scale(CHLC), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-P). The experimental group received an integrative intervention, while the control group received no intervention. Upon the completion of the intervention and collecting the data, they were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and by SPSSV22 software.
Results: The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there is significant difference in the scores of the two groups (Wilks' lambda=0.251, F=5.664, p=0.001) in terms of despair (F=6.843, p=0.013), self-blame (F=10.412, P=0.003), rumination (F=5.016, p=0.031), catastrophizing (F=6.331, p=0.016), blaming others (F=14.132, p=0.001), positive re-focus (F=9.126, p=0.005), planning re-focus (F=10.275, p=0.003), and positive re- evaluation (F=6.024, p=0.019). However, there was no significant intergroup difference in terms of acceptance (F=0.830, p=0.368) and perspective taking (F=0.121, p=0.730).
Conclusion: Organizing training programs based on an integrative approach has been effective in decreasing despair and emotion dysfunction among the adolescents and young people with suicidal tendencies. Conducting training programssuch as problem- solving, emotional, regulation, mindfulness, etc. for psychologists, parents, adolescents, health professionals, and social pathologists can be effective in decreasing and preventing suicide among adolescents.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Integrative Intervention
  • Despair
  • Frustration
  • Emotion Dysregulation
  • Suicidal Tendencies
  • Adolescents

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