مقایسه اثربخشی درمان هیجانمدار و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر شدت تجربه درد و تابآوری زنان مبتلا به سردرد مزمن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مشاوره، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه مشاوره، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: پیشرفت‌های نظری و رشد پژوهش‌ها، مبانی لازم برای مفهوم‌سازی سردرد به ‌عنوان یک اختلال روانی فیزیولوژیکی را فراهم آورده و باعث استفاده از درمان‌های رفتاری و روان‌شناختی برای سردرد شده است. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف مقایسه اثربخشی درمان هیجان‌مدار و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر شدت تجربه درد و تاب­آوری زنان مبتلا به سردرد مزمن صورت گرفت.
موادوروش‌ها: روش پژوهش، نیمه‌تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون - پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری، زنان مبتلا به سردرد بودند که در سال 1398 به کلینیک‌های دولتی مغز و اعصاب شهر پارس‌آباد مراجعه کرده بودند. تعداد 30 نفر با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب، و به ‌صورت تصادفی در سه گروه مساوی قرار گرفتند. گروه‌های آزمایش، درمان‌های مختص خود را در 8 جلسه 5/1 ساعته دریافت کردند. داده‌ها توسط آزمون تحلیل واریانس آمیخته با اندازه‌گیری مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی تجزیه­وتحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: در پیش‌‌آزمون میانگین و انحراف معیار نمره شدت تجربه درد و تاب‌آوری در گروه‌های درمان و کنترل اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشت. هر دو درمان، شدت تجربه درد بیماران را در پس‌آزمون کاهش، و تاب‌آوری را افزایش دادند (001/0>p). در مرحله پیگیری، اثر این دو درمان ماندگار بود (001/0>p). تأثیر درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر شدت تجربه درد و تاب‌آوری در مراحل پس‌آزمون و پیگیری بیش‌تر از تأثیر درمان هیجان‌مدار بود (001/0>p).
نتیجه‌گیری:درمان هیجان‌مدار و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد با کاهش شدت سردرد، سبب افزایش تاب‌آوری بیماران مبتلا به سردرد مزمن شدند، از این‌رو می‌‌توانند راهبرد پیشگیرانه مفیدی تلقی شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Emotion-based Therapy and Acceptance & Commitment Therapy on the Pain Severity and Resistance in Women with Chronic Headaches

نویسندگان [English]

  • S Fathi 1
  • J Pouyamanesh 2
  • M Ghamari 3
  • Gh Fathi aghdam 2
1 Ph.D Student, Dept of Counseling, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.
2 Assistant Prof, Dept of Psychology, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.
3 Associate Prof, Dept of Counseling, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Theoretical advances in research have provided the necessary basis for conceptualizing headache as a psychiatric physiological disorder, eventually leading to using behavioral and psychological treatments. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of emotion-based therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on the pain severity and resistance in women with chronic headaches.
Materials and Methods: This study was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest follow-up with the control group. Its population consisted of all women with headaches referred to the Governmental Neurological Clinic of Parsabad city in 2020. Thirty patients diagnosed with chronic headaches by a psychiatrist or neurologist were selected using purposive sampling and were randomly divided into three groups. The treatment groups received 8 sessions of 1.5 hours treatment specifically; however, the control group did not receive any treatment. The collected data were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test.
Results: The mean of pain severity and resistance in the pretest in the emotion-based therapy group, acceptance & commitment-based therapy group, and control group was 8.50, 43.00, 8.70, 42.10, and 8.40, 43.50 (p<0.816 and p<0.860), respectively. The results showed an insignificant effect of emotion-focused therapy (6.70, 59.80) and acceptance & commitment-based therapy (4.80, 66.30), compared to the control group (8.20, 42.80), in the posttest. There was a decrease in the pain severity and an increase in resistance in women with chronic headaches (p<0.001). The results also showed that the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the severity of pain and resistance in posttest and follow-up was more than that of emotional therapy (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Emotion-focused therapy and acceptance & commitment-based therapy reduce the severity of pain by increasing the resistance of patients with chronic headaches, thus being considered a useful preventive strategy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Emotion-based Therapy
  • Treatment Based on Acceptance & Commitment
  • Severity of Pain
  • Resistance
  • Chronic Headache

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