ارزیابی تهدید سرطان پوست در کشاورزان شهرستان چالدران در سال 1394

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، گروه آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد آموزش بهداشت، شبکه بهداشت و درمان ایلام، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد ارزیابی فناوری سلامت، مرکز تحقیقات سرطان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت شهرى و کارشناس مسئول اداره کل سلامت شهردارى تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: سرطان پوست یکی از شایع‌ترین سرطان‌ها در ایران و جهان محسوب می‌شود. شناخت ادراکات کشاورزان نسبت به سرطان پوست می‌تواند در طراحی مداخلات جهت پیشگیری از آن مؤثر باشد. لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی وضعیت ارزیابی تهدید نسبت به سرطان پوست در کشاورزان شهرستان چالدران انجام شده است.

مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه مقطعی، 238 نفر از کشاورزان مناطق روستایی به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی چندمرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه روایی و پایایی شده مبتنی بر سازه‌های تئوری انگیزش حفاظت استفاده گردیده است. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات با استفاده از آزمون‌های آماری توصیفی (فراوانی، فراونی نسبی، میانگین و انحراف معیار) و تحلیلی (آنالیز واریانس یک‌طرفه) انجام شد.

یافته‌ها: میانگین و انحراف معیار سنی شرکت‌کنندگان 79/8 ±40/35 سال بود. بین تهدید درک شده با تحصیلات (001/0p=) و ارزیابی تهدید با تحصیلات (042/0p=) ارتباط معنی‌داری مشاهده گردید. 04/50 درصد افراد حساسیت درک شده پائینی نسبت به سرطان پوست داشتند. تنها 5/15 درصد افراد، شدت درک شده بالایی نسبت به سرطان پوست داشتند. 1/23 درصد کشاورزان پاداش‌های درونی و بیرونی بالایی نسبت به رفتارهای ناسازگار با سرطان پوست داشتند. ارزیابی وضعیت تهدید کشاورزان نشان داد 119 نفر در حالت غیرقابل قبول، 26 نفر مرزی و 99 نفر قابل قبول هستند. 

نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که کشاورزان خود را آسیب‌پذیر در برابر سرطان پوست نمی‌دانند لذا طراحی و اجرای مداخلات مناسب جهت آگاه‌سازی کشاورزان در زمینه مورد نظر ضروری به نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Threat Appraisal of Skin Cancer in Farmers of Chaldoran County, 2014-2015

نویسندگان [English]

  • T Babazadeh 1
  • J Tazval 2
  • M Moradijoo 3
  • F Moradi 4
  • K Mirzaeian 4
1 Ph.D Candidate in Health Education and Health Promotion, Student Research Committee, Dept. of Health Education and Health Promotion, Health Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
2 MSc in Health Education, Ilam Network of Health and Treatment, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
3 Cancer Research center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Director of General Office of Health, Tehran Municipality, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers around the world as well as in Iran. Identifying the farmers' perceptions about skin cancer might be effective in the design of intervention programs for preventing it. Therefore, this study aimed to survey the threat appraisal to skin cancer in the farmers of the Chaldoran County in Iran.

Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 238 subjects were selected from the farmers’ rural regions by multistage random sampling. To collect the data, a reliable and valid questionnaire based on protection motivation theory structures was used. Descriptive statistics (frequency, relative Frequency, mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (One Way ANOVA) was used to analyze the date. The level of significance was considered less than 0.05.

Results: The mean ± standard deviation age of participants was 35.40±8.79 years old. A statistically significant association between perceived threat with education level (p=0.001) and threat appraisal with education (p=0.04) was observed (p<0.05). 50.04% of subjects had a low threat appraisal to skin cancer. Perceived severity was high only in 15.5% of the individuals. 23.1% of farmers had high extrinsic and intrinsic rewards to inconsistent behaviours of skin cancer. Threat appraisal status of farmers showed that 119 people had unacceptable levels; 26 people had borderline levels; and 99 people had acceptable level behaviours.

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that farmers did not consider themselves to be vulnerable to skin cancer.  Therefore, design and implementations of appropriate intervention programs to inform the farmers seems essential in the relevant field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cancer
  • Skin Cancer
  • farmers
  • Iran
  • Chaldoran

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سلامت جامعه
دوره 10، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 27
27
فروردین 1395
صفحه 40-51

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