نقش معنویت و حمایت اجتماعی در نشانه‌های اضطراب، افسردگی و استرس زنان باردار

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

2 مربی گروه روانشناسی،دانشگاه پیام نور اراک، اراک، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

4 کارشناس ارشد روانشناس عمومی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: نشانه‌های اضطراب و افسردگی در زنان باردار از عوامل آسیب­زا محسوب می‌شوند که با حمایت اجتماعی و میزان معنویت نیز مرتبط می‌باشند، لذا هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش پیش­بین سلامت معنوی و حمایت اجتماعی در میزان اضطراب، افسردگی و استرس زنان باردار انجام شده است.

مواد و روش ­ها: روش این پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود، از میان جامعه آماری زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده به دو مرکز بهداشت شهید اسکندری کلاک و شهید ترکیان رجایی شهر کرج در نیمه دوم سال ۱۳۹۴، تعداد 155 زن باردار به روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس و با لحاظ کردن ملاک‌های ورود و خروج به پژوهش انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه مقیاس حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده، پرسشنامه سلامت معنوی، مقیاس اضطراب، افسردگی و استرس
(Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-42) و فرم اطلاعات جمعیت شناختی استفاده شد. داده­ها با استفاده از
روش­های آمار توصیفی و استنباطی  شامل همبستگی و رگرسیون گام به گام  مورد تجزیه ‌و تحلیل قرار گرفت. 

یافته­ ها: نتایج نشان داد که نشانه­های اضطراب، افسردگی و استرس رابطه معکوسی با حمایت اجتماعی (۶۷/۰- تا ۱۴/۰- r=) و میزان معنویت (۲۰/۰- تا ۵۵/۰- r=)  دارند. یافته‌ها همچنین نشان داد که متغیرهای پیش­بین حمایت خانوادگی، معنویت و حمایت دوستان، 55/0 درصد از واریانس متغیر اضطراب، متغیرهای پیش­بین حمایت خانوادگی و معنویت 41/0 درصد از واریانس متغیر افسردگی و حمایت خانواده 18/0 درصد از واریانس استرس زنان باردار را پیش‌بینی می‌کنند.

نتیجه ­گیری: نتایج نشان داد که اضطراب،‌ افسردگی و استرس در زنان باردار رابطه معکوسی با معنویت و حمایت اجتماعی دارد که پیشنهاد می‌شود به حمایت اجتماعی و معنویت در زنان باردار دارای نشانه‌های اضطراب و افسردگی توجه گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Spirituality and Social Support in Pregnant Women's Anxiety, Depression and Stress Symptoms

نویسندگان [English]

  • E Bodaghi 1
  • F Alipour 1
  • M Bodaghi 2
  • R Nori 3
  • N Peiman 4
  • S Saeidpour 1
1 MSc. of clinical psychology, Dept. of psychology. Kharazmi University, Tehran Iran
2 Instructor of psychology. Payam-e-Noor Univesrity, Arak, Iran
3 Associate Professor, clinical psychology. Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
4 MSc. of Psychology, Islamic Azad University of karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Symptoms of anxiety and depression in pregnant women are traumatic factors which     are associated with social support and spirituality, therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the role of spiritual and social support in the prediction of anxiety, depression and stress in pregnant women.

Materials and Methods: The method for this descriptive study was a predictive correlation design. The statistical population of the current study included all pregnant women referred to health centers of Shahid Eskandari Kalak and Shahid Turkiyan Rajaee in Karaj city in the second half of 2014. One hundred fifty five pregnant women were selected based on convenient sampling and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected using perceived social support scale, spiritual health questionnaire, depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS 42) and demographic data form. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including, correlation and stepwise regression were analyzed with the SPSS-22 software.

Results: The findings of the research showed that symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress had inverse relationship with social support (r=0.14 in. .67) and spirituality (r=0.20 in. .55). The findings also revealed that family support, spirituality and the support of friends as predictor variables predict 55 percent of the anxiety's variance and family support and spirituality predict %41 of depression's variance. Finally family support predicts %18  of stress' variance in pregnant women.

Conclusion: The results showed that anxiety, depression and stress in pregnant women have an inverse relationship with spirituality and social support. It is recommended that social protection and spirituality in pregnant women with symptoms of anxiety and depression should be considered.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spiritual
  • Social Support
  • Anxiety
  • depression
  • Pregnant women
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